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Under this same treaty, the Great Powers (Austria-Hungary, the United Kingdom, France, the German Empire, Italy, and the Russian Empire) gave official recognition to the Principality of Serbia as a fully sovereign state, which four years later transformed into a kingdom under Prince Milan IV Obrenović who thus became King Milan I of Serbia.
The year the United States entered World War I was marked by near disaster for the Allies on all the European fronts. A French offensive in April, with which the British cooperated, was a failure, and was followed by widespread mutinies in the French armies.
Italy, although suffering massive casualties, recovered from the blow, and a coalition government under Vittorio Emanuele Orlando was formed. Italy also enjoyed support by the Entente powers: by 1918, large amounts of war materials and a few auxiliary American, British, and French divisions arrived in the Italian battle zone. [39]
The Italian attack of 52 Italian divisions, aided by 3 British 2 French and 1 American division, 65,000 total and Czechoslovaks (see British and French forces in Italy during World War I), was started on 24 October from Vittorio Veneto. The Austro-Hungarians fought tenaciously for four days, but then the Italians managed to cross the Piave and ...
King Carol favored Germany but after his death in 1914, King Ferdinand and the nation's political elite favored the Entente. For Romania, the highest priority was taking Transylvania from Hungary, thus adding ca. 5,200,000 people, 54% (according to 1910 census) or 57% (according to the 1919 and 1920 censuses) of them Romanians.
America in the Great War: The Rise of the War-Welfare State (1991) Trask, David F. The United States in the Supreme War Council: American War Aims and Inter-Allied Strategy, 1917–1918 (1961) Trask, David F. The AEF and Coalition Warmaking, 1917–1918 (1993)online free
While few mourned Franz Ferdinand himself, [20] many ministers argued the assassination of the heir to the throne was a challenge to Austria-Hungary that must be avenged. [21] This was especially true of Foreign Minister Leopold Berchtold ; in October 1913, his ultimatum to Serbia made them back down over the occupation of Northern Albania ...
HMHS Britannic sinks after hitting a German mine, becoming the largest ship lost during WW1. Politics: Francis Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary, dies and is succeeded by Charles I. November 25 Naval: David Beatty replaces John Jellicoe as commander of the Grand Fleet. Jellicoe becomes First Lord of the Sea.