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Waterborne diseases are conditions (meaning adverse effects on human health, such as death, disability, illness or disorders) [1]: 47 caused by pathogenic micro-organisms that are transmitted by water. These diseases can be spread while bathing, washing, drinking water, or by eating food exposed to contaminated water. [2]
Half of the hospital beds occupied in the world are related to the lack of safe drinking water. Unsafe water leads to the 88% of the global cases of diarrhea and 90% of the deaths of diarreaheal diseases in children under five years old. Most of these deaths occur in developing countries due to poverty and the high cost of safe water. [13]
Most waterborne diseases cause diarrheal illness [Note: not all diseases listed below cause diarrhea]. Eighty-eight percent of diarrhea cases worldwide are linked to unsafe drinking water, inadequate sanitation or insufficient hygiene. These cases result in 1.5 million deaths each year, mostly in young children. The usual cause of death is ...
Drugs get into the water from humans in three ways, and the effect on the environment can be profound before humans feel an impact.
The drug praziquantel is used for prevention in high-risk populations living in areas where the disease is common. [54] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention advises avoiding drinking or coming into contact with contaminated water in areas where schistosomiasis is common. [55]
However, if the illness is acute or symptoms persist and medications are needed to treat it, a nitroimidazole medication is used such as metronidazole, tinidazole, secnidazole or ornidazole. [ 9 ] The World Health Organisation and Infectious Disease Society of America recommend metronidazole as first-line therapy.
Nov. 8—From the 1950s through the mid-1980s, water at and around Camp Lejeune, a Marine base on the coast of North Carolina, was contaminated with numerous carcinogenic and harmful chemicals. In ...
Currently, Milwaukee consistently scores as one of the highest drinking water qualities in the state. [14] This is due to $508 million invested in water treatment and monitoring improvements since the outbreak. [14] [15] Improvements in treatment include: Activated charcoal filtration (Actiflo Carb) removes certain drugs, disinfectants ...