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ggplot2 is an open-source data visualization package for the statistical programming language R.Created by Hadley Wickham in 2005, ggplot2 is an implementation of Leland Wilkinson's Grammar of Graphics—a general scheme for data visualization which breaks up graphs into semantic components such as scales and layers. ggplot2 can serve as a replacement for the base graphics in R and contains a ...
Log scales put the data values in terms of a chosen number (the base of the log) to a particular power. The base is often e (2.71828...) or 10. For example, log scales may give a height of 1 for a value of 10 in the data and a height of 6 for a value of 1,000,000 (10 6) in the data. Log scales and variants are commonly used, for instance, for ...
In statistics, the Freedman–Diaconis rule can be used to select the width of the bins to be used in a histogram. [1] It is named after David A. Freedman and Persi Diaconis .
A plot located on the intersection of row and j th column is a plot of variables X i versus X j. [10] This means that each row and column is one dimension, and each cell plots a scatter plot of two dimensions. [citation needed] A generalized scatter plot matrix [11] offers a range of displays of paired combinations of categorical and ...
gretl is an example of an open-source statistical package ADaMSoft – a generalized statistical software with data mining algorithms and methods for data management ADMB – a software suite for non-linear statistical modeling based on C++ which uses automatic differentiation
Graphic representation of a minute fraction of the WWW, demonstrating hyperlinks.. Graph drawing is an area of mathematics and computer science combining methods from geometric graph theory and information visualization to derive two-dimensional depictions of graphs arising from applications such as social network analysis, cartography, linguistics, and bioinformatics.
Violin plots are similar to box plots, except that they also show the probability density of the data at different values, usually smoothed by a kernel density estimator.A violin plot will include all the data that is in a box plot: a marker for the median of the data; a box or marker indicating the interquartile range; and possibly all sample points, if the number of samples is not too high.
The four datasets composing Anscombe's quartet. All four sets have identical statistical parameters, but the graphs show them to be considerably different. Anscombe's quartet comprises four datasets that have nearly identical simple descriptive statistics, yet have very different distributions and appear very different when graphed.