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Actinium through nobelium are f-block elements, while lawrencium is a d-block element [5] [6] and a transition metal. [7] The series mostly corresponds to the filling of the 5f electron shell , although as isolated atoms in the ground state many have anomalous configurations involving the filling of the 6d shell due to interelectronic repulsion.
Actinide chemistry. Plutonium is a transuranic radioactive chemical element, an actinide metal. Actinide chemistry (or actinoid chemistry) is one of the main branches of nuclear chemistry that investigates the processes and molecular systems of the actinides. The actinides derive their name from the group 3 element actinium.
As with most lanthanides and actinides, actinium exists in the oxidation state +3, and the Ac 3+ ions are colorless in solutions. [25] The oxidation state +3 originates from the [Rn] 6d 1 7s 2 electronic configuration of actinium, with three valence electrons that are easily donated to give the stable closed-shell structure of the noble gas ...
In chemistry, the oxidation state, or oxidation number, is the hypothetical charge of an atom if all of its bonds to other atoms were fully ionic. It describes the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound. Conceptually, the oxidation state may be positive, negative or zero. Beside nearly-pure ionic bonding, many ...
Actinide concept. In nuclear chemistry, the actinide concept (also known as actinide hypothesis) proposed that the actinides form a second inner transition series homologous to the lanthanides. Its origins stem from observation of lanthanide-like properties in transuranic elements in contrast to the distinct complex chemistry of previously ...
Photosystem II (or water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase) is the first protein complex in the light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis. It is located in the thylakoid membrane of plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Within the photosystem, enzymes capture photons of light to energize electrons that are then transferred through a variety ...
The actinide series is a group of chemical elements with atomic numbers ranging from 89 to 102, [note 1] including notable elements such as uranium and plutonium.The nuclides (or isotopes) thorium-232, uranium-235, and uranium-238 occur primordially, while trace quantities of actinium, protactinium, neptunium, and plutonium exist as a result of radioactive decay and (in the case of neptunium ...
Actinium (III) oxide is a chemical compound containing the rare radioactive element actinium. It has the formula Ac 2 O 3. It is similar to its corresponding lanthanum compound, lanthanum (III) oxide, and contains actinium in the oxidation state +3. [2][3] Actinium oxide is not to be confused with Ac 2 O (acetic anhydride), where Ac is an ...