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Hepcidin, a peptide hormone that regulates iron homeostasis. Insulin-like growth factor 1, a polypeptide protein hormone which plays an important role in childhood growth and continues to have anabolic effects in adults; Thrombopoietin, a glycoprotein hormone that regulates the production of platelets by the bone marrow
The liver is a critical organ that is responsible for many different homeostatic functions that help support metabolism, immunity, digestion, detoxification, and carbohydrates and vitamin storage. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] The detoxification function of the liver exposes the organ to many chemicals, which can induce hepatocyte injury and death.
The liver also has many regulatory functions of the metabolism. An important function is the production and control of bile acids. Too much bile acid can be toxic to cells and its synthesis can be inhibited by activation of FXR a nuclear receptor. [4]
The liver is a major metabolic organ exclusively found in vertebrate animals, which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the synthesis of proteins and various other biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth.
Liver and gall bladder. The liver is the second largest organ (after the skin) and is an accessory digestive gland which plays a role in the body's metabolism. The liver has many functions some of which are important to digestion. The liver can detoxify various metabolites; synthesise proteins and produce biochemicals needed for
The drainage of the intestinal venous blood into the liver requires efficient detoxification of miscellaneous absorbed substances to maintain homeostasis and protect the body against ingested toxins. [citation needed] One of the detoxifying functions of hepatocytes is to modify ammonia into urea for excretion. [citation needed]
In many studies that have been conducted, hepatic lipase is also closely related to obesity. In one test, an experiment was created by Cedó et al. where mouse cells were created to have a mutated HL protein that has lost its function. They found that a build-up of triglyceride levels led to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
The function and role of quiescent hepatic stellate cells is unclear. Recent evidence suggests a role as a liver-resident antigen-presenting cell, presenting lipid antigens to and stimulating proliferation of NKT cells. [7] When the liver is damaged, stellate cells can change into an activated state.