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The terminal yield of a surface structure tree, the surface form, is then predicted to be a grammatical sentence of the language being studied. The role and significance of deep structure changed a great deal as Chomsky developed his theories, and since the mid-1990s deep structure no longer features at all [6] (see minimalist program).
Chomsky uses this argument as well to motivate the establishment of distinct levels of linguistic analysis. [75] Chomsky then shows that a grammar which analyzes sentences up to the phrase structure level contains many constructional homonymities at the phrase structure level where the resulting ambiguities need to be explained at a higher level.
The base, in turn, consists of a categorial subcomponent and a lexicon. The base generates deep structures. A deep structure enters the semantic component and receives a semantic interpretation; it is mapped by transformational rules into a surface structure, which is then given a phonetic interpretation by the rules of the phonological component."
In transformational grammar, each sentence in a language has two levels of representation: a deep structure and a surface structure. [3] The deep structure represents a sentence's core semantic relations and is mapped onto the surface structure, which follows the sentence's phonological system very closely, via transformations. Deep structures ...
the elimination of the distinction between deep structure and surface structure in favour of a derivational approach; the elimination of X-bar theory in favour of bare phrase structure (see below) the elimination of indexation in favour of Move or Agree; the elimination of the notion of government in favour of feature-checking
In transformational grammar, rules called transformations mapped a level of representation called deep structures to another level of representation called surface structure. The semantic interpretation of a sentence was represented by its deep structure, while the surface structure provided its pronunciation.
Transformations" are syntactic rules that derive surface structure from deep structure, which was often considered to reflect the structure of meaning. [145] Transformational grammar later developed into the 1980s government and binding theory and thence into the minimalist program. [165]
A core aspect of the original Standard Theory is a distinction between two different representations of a sentence, called deep structure and surface structure. The two representations are linked to each other by a set of transformation rules, the totality of these rules is what constitute grammar, and what a grammatical description of a ...