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  2. Federal Aviation Regulations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Aviation_Regulations

    Most of the Federal Aviation Regulations, including Part 25, commenced on February 1, 1965. Prior to that date, airworthiness standards for airplanes in the transport category were promulgated in Part 4b of the US Civil Air Regulations which was in effect by November 1945. Effective August 27, 1957, Special Civil Air Regulation (SR) 422 was the ...

  3. Pilot certification in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilot_certification_in_the...

    Aircraft Inspection authorization (IA) is an additional privilege conferred on certificated mechanics who meet specific experience and training requirements. Aircraft Dispatcher certificates are required for people involved in operational control/dispatch under 14 CFR Part 121 commercial operations. Qualification requirements can be found in ...

  4. Pilot licensing and certification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilot_licensing_and...

    After the 2009 crash of Colgan Air Flight 3407, Congress passed legislation, subsequently signed into law, requiring any pilot flying for a Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 121 airline (all United States major airlines and their regional affiliates), that requires three or more pilots to include new-hire first officers, must have had at ...

  5. Sterile flight deck rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterile_flight_deck_rule

    Pilots landing a Boeing 777. In aviation, the sterile flight deck rule or sterile cockpit rule is a procedural requirement that during critical phases of flight (normally below 10,000 ft or 3,000 m), only activities required for the safe operation of the aircraft may be carried out by the flight crew, and all non-essential activities in the cockpit are forbidden.

  6. Terrain awareness and warning system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrain_awareness_and...

    Findings from these early studies indicated that many such accidents could have been avoided if a GPWS had been used. As a result of these studies and recommendations from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (), in 1974 the FAA required all 14 CFR 121 (Part 121) certificate holders (that is, those operating large turbine-powered airplanes) and some 14 CFR 135 (Part 135) certificate ...

  7. Airline transport pilot licence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airline_transport_pilot...

    For aeroplanes, the applicant must have 1500 hours as a pilot of airplanes, including 500 hours in multi-pilot operations on airplanes, and a minimum number of hours as pilot in command (PIC) and/or pilot in command under supervision (PICUS). There are minimum hour requirements for cross-country flight, instrument flight, and night flight. Time ...

  8. Flight dispatcher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_dispatcher

    Legal requirements known as "14 CFR part 121" govern dispatch release in the United States. [2] After the release of a flight (in a joint responsibility environment) the dispatcher uses sophisticated software tools to monitor the flight's progress and advises the flight crew of any circumstances that might affect flight safety.

  9. ETOPS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ETOPS

    However, all-cargo operations in airplanes with more than two engines of both part 121 and part 135 are exempted from the majority of this rule. Today's rule [January 16, 2007] establishes regulations governing the design, operation and maintenance of certain airplanes operated on flights that fly long distances from an adequate airport.