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Maleic anhydride is a classic substrate for Diels-Alder reactions. [9] It was used for work in 1928, on the reaction between maleic anhydride and 1,3-butadiene, for which Otto Paul Hermann Diels and Kurt Alder were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1950. It is through this reaction that maleic anhydride is converted to many pesticides and pharmaceuticals.
In industry, maleic acid is derived by hydrolysis of maleic anhydride, the latter being produced by oxidation of benzene or butane. [4] Maleic acid is an industrial raw material for the production of glyoxylic acid by ozonolysis. [8] Maleic acid may be used to form acid addition salts with drugs to make them more stable, such as indacaterol ...
2,3-Dimethylmaleic anhydride is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 C 2 (CO) 2 O. [1] It is related to maleic anhydride (MA) by replacement of the two CH units with CCH 3 groups. The compound can be prepared from two eqiuvalents of MA in the presence of 2-aminopyridine followed by treatment with sulfuric acid. [2] [3] It has been ...
Just like baking soda and vinegar simulate a volcanic eruption, baking soda interacts with acidic ingredients in doughs and batters to create bubbles of CO 2. But instead of spilling out of a ...
Maleimide-mediated methodologies are among the most used in bioconjugation. [5] [6] Due to fast reactions and high selectivity towards cysteine residues in proteins, a large variety of maleimide heterobifunctional reagents are used for the preparation of targeted therapeutics, assemblies for studying proteins in their biological context, protein-based microarrays, or proteins immobilisation. [7]
Dibutyl maleate is an organic compound with the formula (CHCO 2 Bu) 2 (Bu = butyl). It is the diester of the unsaturated dicarboxylic acid maleic acid . It is a colorless oily liquid, although impure samples can appear yellow.
The salt is stable for several hours in weakly acidic solution (pH> 4-7) even at 100 °C and for weeks in strongly alkaline solutions even at an elevated temperature (50 °C). Tetrasodium iminodisuccinate is classified as readily biodegradable according to OECD methods (OECD 302 B, 100% after 28 days and OECD 301 E, 78% after 28 days). [ 5 ]
C 6 H 4 (CH 3) 2 + 7 + 1 / 2 O 2 → C 4 H 2 O 3 + 4 H 2 O + 4 CO 2. Phthalic anhydride and maleic anhydride are recovered by distillation by a series of switch condensers. The naphthalene route (the Gibbs phthalic anhydride process or the Gibbs–Wohl naphthalene oxidation reaction) has declined relative to the o-xylene route.