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  2. Denaturation (food) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denaturation_(food)

    Aversive agents—primarily bitterants and pungent agents—are often used to produce an unpleasant flavor. For example, the bitterant denatonium might be added to food used in a laboratory, where such food is not intended for human consumption. [1] A poisonous substance may be added as an even more powerful deterrent.

  3. List of foodborne illness outbreaks by death toll - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_foodborne_illness...

    Agent Food Company Infected Deaths Notes 2017–2018 2017–18 South African listeriosis outbreak: Listeria: processed meat: Enterprise Foods 1,060 [1] 216 [1] A widespread listeriosis outbreak from contaminated deli meats from Enterprise Foods, a subsidiary of Tiger Brands. It is the world's worst listeriosis outbreak. 2011 2011 Germany E ...

  4. List of microorganisms used in food and beverage preparation

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_microorganisms...

    MICROORGANISM TYPE ( Bacterium / Fungus ) FOOD / BEVERAGE Acetobacter aceti: bacterium: chocolate [1]Acetobacter aceti: bacterium: vinegar [2]Acetobacter cerevisiae

  5. List of biosafety level 4 organisms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_biosafety_level_4...

    The USDA animal safety list is located at 9 CFR Subchapter B. [4] Not all select agents require BSL-4 handling, namely select bacteria and toxins, but most select agent viruses do (with the notable exception of SARS-CoV-1 which can be handled in BSL3). Many non-select agent viruses are often handled in BSL-4 according to facility SOPs or when ...

  6. Denaturation (biochemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denaturation_(biochemistry)

    In biochemistry, denaturation is a process in which proteins or nucleic acids lose folded structure present in their native state due to various factors, including application of some external stress or compound, such as a strong acid or base, a concentrated inorganic salt, an organic solvent (e.g., alcohol or chloroform), agitation and radiation, or heat. [3]

  7. Denatonium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denatonium

    Denatonium, usually available as denatonium benzoate (under trade names such as Denatrol, BITTERANT-b, BITTER+PLUS, Bitrex, Bitrix, and Aversion) and as denatonium saccharinate (BITTERANT-s), is the most bitter chemical compound known, with bitterness thresholds of 0.05 ppm for the benzoate and 0.01 ppm for the saccharinate. [1]

  8. Bitterant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitterant

    Denaturation (food), the deliberate addition of an unpleasantly flavored or poisonous substances to food in order to prevent the consumption of the food for various reasons. Adulterant , a substance added to food for deceptive or malicious reasons, for example to cheaply replace legitimate ingredients.

  9. List of food additives - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_food_additives

    Common food acids include vinegar, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, folic acid, fumaric acid, and lactic acid. Acidity regulators Acidity regulators are used to change or otherwise control the acidity and alkalinity of foods. Anticaking agents Anticaking agents keep powders such as milk powder from caking or sticking. Antifoaming agents