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In exploration wells that are later abandoned, the wellhead may be recovered for refurbishment and re-use. Offshore, where a wellhead is located on the production platform it is called a surface wellhead, and if located beneath the water then it is referred to as a subsea wellhead or mudline wellhead. [2] [3] [4] [5]
Drawworks (#7) is the mechanical section that contains the spool, whose main function is to reel in/out the drill line to raise/lower the traveling block. Drill bit (#26) is a device attached to the end of the drill string that breaks apart the rock being drilled. It contains jets through which the drilling fluid exits.
Casing hangers must be designed to take the full weight of the casing, and provide a seal between the casing hanger and the spool. Casing Hangers may also be suspended within the wellhead by means of radial distortion of the wellhead bore e.g. the "Pos-Grip" method. This is installed to support the individual casing strings in the well.
Casing heads are the primary interface for the surface pressure control equipment, for example blowout preventers (for well drilling) or the Christmas tree (for well production). The casing head, when installed, is typically tested to very strict pressure and leak-off parameters to insure viability under blowout conditions, before any surface ...
Wireline-wellhead. For oilfield work, the wireline resides on the surface, wound around a large (3 to 10 feet in diameter) spool. Operators may use a portable spool (on the back of a special truck) or a permanent part of the drilling rig. A motor and drive train turn the spool and raise and lower the equipment into and out of the well – the ...
Production casing is cemented through the zone and the pay section is selectively perforated. Gas and water are easily controlled as is sand. The formation can be selectively stimulated and the well can be deepened. This selection is adaptable to other completion configurations and logs are available to assist casing decisions.
Production casing is the final casing string set in a well and usually reaches from the surface to Target Depth (TD). The type of casing used depends upon the different conditions in the well. Commonly, production casing sizes range from 4 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (110 mm) to as large as 9 + 5 ⁄ 8 in (240 mm). It is the last string cemented in a well ...
Oil well Christmas tree. In petroleum and natural gas extraction, a Christmas tree, or tree, is an assembly of valves, casing spools, and fittings used to regulate the flow of pipes in an oil well, gas well, water injection well, water disposal well, gas injection well, condensate well, and other types of well.