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Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and sclera due to high bilirubin levels. [3] [6] Jaundice in adults is typically a sign indicating the presence of underlying diseases involving abnormal heme metabolism, liver dysfunction, or biliary-tract obstruction. [7]
Hemolytic jaundice, also known as prehepatic jaundice, is a type of jaundice arising from hemolysis or excessive destruction of red blood cells, ...
General signs and symptoms include fatigue, pallor, shortness of breath, and tachycardia. [2] In small children, failure to thrive may occur in any form of anemia. [6] [7] In addition, symptoms related to hemolysis may be present such as chills, jaundice, dark urine, and an enlarged spleen. [2]
Pallor is a pale color of the skin that can be caused by illness, emotional shock or stress, stimulant use, or anemia, and is the result of a reduced amount of oxyhaemoglobin and may also be visible as pallor of the conjunctivae of the eyes on physical examination. Pallor is more evident on the face and palms. It can develop suddenly or ...
Neonatal jaundice is a yellowish discoloration of the white part of the eyes and skin in a newborn baby due to high bilirubin levels. [1] Other symptoms may include excess sleepiness or poor feeding. [ 1 ]
Jaundice in newborns may be treated with bili lights. [2] It is recommended that people be tested for G6PDD before certain medications, such as primaquine, are taken. [2] About 400 million people have the condition globally. [1] It is particularly common in certain parts of Africa, Asia, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East. [1]
On examination, the signs exhibited may include pallor (pale skin, mucosa, conjunctiva and nail beds), but this is not a reliable sign. Iron-deficiency anemia may give symptoms that can include spoon-shaped nails, restless legs syndrome, and pica (the medical condition indicates the desire for things that are not food, such as ice, dirt, etc ...
These include fatigue and pallor, as well as signs of jaundice, splenomegaly and gallstone formation from prolonged hemolysis. [1] [3] Certain cases of hereditary stomatocytosis associated with genetic syndromes have additional symptoms that are unrelated to the hemolytic anemia. [1]