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Scotland has also had a role to play in many significant discoveries such as plate tectonics and the development of theories about the formation of rocks, and was the home of important figures in the development of the science including James Hutton (the "father of modern geology"), [2] Hugh Miller and Archibald Geikie. [3]
The geology of the Highlands is complex. Along the western coastal margin it is characterised by Lewisian gneiss, the oldest rock in Scotland. Liathach, Beinn Alligin, Suilven, Cùl Mòr, Cùl Beag, and Quinag are just some of the impressive rock islands of the significantly younger rich brown-coloured Torridonian sandstone which rests on the ...
Lewisian gneiss at Assynt. The Northwest Highlands were, and still are, remote and difficult to access. Along a coastal strip some 200 kilometres (120 mi) long and 15–25 kilometres (10–15 mi) wide the terrain is austere with isolated mountains rising above barren lower ground where knolls of bare rock lie among lochans and peat bogs.
The North West Highlands Geopark is a geopark in the Scottish Highlands. Awarded UNESCO geopark status in 2004, [ 1 ] it was Scotland's first geopark, [ 2 ] featuring some of the oldest rocks in Europe , around 3,000 million years old.
Geological map of the Hebridean terrane showing distribution of rocks of the Lewisian complex Undeformed Scourie dyke cutting Lewisian Gneiss, about 1.6 km west of Scourie Scourie dykes (now foliated amphibolites) cutting grey gneiss of the Scourie complex, both deformed during the Laxfordian tectonic event and cut by later (unfoliated) granite veins - road cutting on the A838 just north of ...
The geology of the Orkney islands in northern Scotland is dominated by the Devonian Old Red Sandstone (ORS). In the southwestern part of Mainland , this sequence can be seen to rest unconformably on a Moinian type metamorphic basement .
British Regional Geology. The Grampian Highlands (4 ed.). Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London: British Geological Survey. Trewin, N. H., ed. (2002). The Geology of Scotland. The Geological Society, London. Wilson, Tuzo (14 July 1962). "Cabot Fault, An Appalachian Equivalent of the San Andreas and Great Glen Faults and some Implications for ...
The geography of Scotland is varied from rural lowlands to unspoilt uplands, and from large cities to sparsely inhabited islands. Located in Northern Europe, Scotland comprises the northern part of the island of Great Britain as well as 790 surrounding islands encompassing the major archipelagos of the Shetland Islands, Orkney Islands and the Inner and Outer Hebrides. [3]