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For example, one can exert a kind of "torque" on an electron by putting it in a magnetic field (the field acts upon the electron's intrinsic magnetic dipole moment—see the following section). The result is that the spin vector undergoes precession, just like a classical gyroscope. This phenomenon is known as electron spin resonance (ESR).
Fermions have half-integer spin; for all known elementary fermions this is 1 / 2 . All known fermions except neutrinos, are also Dirac fermions; that is, each known fermion has its own distinct antiparticle. It is not known whether the neutrino is a Dirac fermion or a Majorana fermion. [4] Fermions are the basic building blocks of all ...
The atom would then be pulled toward or away from the stronger magnetic field a specific amount, depending on the value of the valence electron's spin. When the spin of the electron is + + 1 / 2 the atom moves away from the stronger field, and when the spin is − + 1 / 2 the atom moves toward it. Thus the beam of silver atoms is ...
The classical electron radius appears in the classical limit of modern theories as well, including non-relativistic Thomson scattering and the relativistic Klein–Nishina formula. Also, r e {\displaystyle r_{\text{e}}} is roughly the length scale at which renormalization becomes important in quantum electrodynamics .
In atomic physics, the electron magnetic moment, or more specifically the electron magnetic dipole moment, is the magnetic moment of an electron resulting from its intrinsic properties of spin and electric charge. The value of the electron magnetic moment (symbol μ e) is −9.284 764 6917 (29) × 10 −24 J⋅T −1. [1]
For an electron, s is 1 ⁄ 2, and m s is either + 1 ⁄ 2 or − 1 ⁄ 2, often called "spin-up" and "spin-down", or α and β. [1] [2] The term magnetic in the name refers to the magnetic dipole moment associated with each type of angular momentum, so states having different magnetic quantum numbers shift in energy in a magnetic field ...
Through time-reversal symmetry, the process with an incident electron will also work with an incident hole (and retroreflected electron). The process is highly spin-dependent – if only one spin band is occupied by the conduction electrons in the normal-state material (i.e. it is fully spin-polarized), Andreev reflection will be inhibited due ...
[4] [5] Its experimental observation as a separate quasiparticle was reported in paper sent to publishers in September 2011. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The research states that by firing a beam of X-ray photons at a single electron in a one-dimensional sample of strontium cuprate , this will excite the electron to a higher orbital, causing the beam to lose a ...