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MP3 Surround is backward compatible with standard MP3. [1] [4] The data overhead is 16 kbit/s, which allows for file sizes similar to standard stereo MP3 files. The file size is approximately 10% larger than that of a typical MP3 file. The current evaluation encoder is licensed for personal and non-commercial uses. An MP3 Surround file can be ...
Another type of normalization is based on a measure of loudness, wherein the gain is changed to bring the average loudness to a target level. This average may be approximate, such as a simple measurement of average power (e.g. RMS), or more accurate, such as a measure that addresses human perception e.g. that defined by EBU R128 and offered by ReplayGain, Sound Check and GoldWave.
I 0 is the reference sound intensity; 1 Np = 1 is the neper; 1 B = 1 / 2 ln(10) is the bel; 1 dB = 1 / 20 ln(10) is the decibel. The commonly used reference sound intensity in air is [5] = /. being approximately the lowest sound intensity hearable by an undamaged human ear under room conditions.
The target loudness is specified as the loudness of a stereo pink noise signal played back at 89 dB sound pressure level or −14 dB relative to full scale. [3] This is based on SMPTE recommendation RP 200:2002, which specifies a similar method for calibrating playback levels in movie theaters using a reference level 6 dB lower (83 dB SPL, − ...
A graph of the A-, B-, C- and D-weightings across the frequency range 10 Hz – 20 kHz Video illustrating A-weighting by analyzing a sine sweep (contains audio). A-weighting is a form of frequency weighting and the most commonly used of a family of curves defined in the International standard IEC 61672:2003 and various national standards relating to the measurement of sound pressure level. [1]
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The commonly used reference sound exposure in air is [2] = . The proper notations for sound exposure level using this reference are L W/(400 μPa 2 ⋅s) or L W (re 400 μPa 2 ⋅s), but the notations dB SEL, dB(SEL), dBSEL, or dB SEL are very common, even if they are not accepted by the SI.
The sending loudness rating (SLR) is a measure of the loudness of the transmit audio sent through the microphone of a communication device (for example, a mobile phone) It compares the Sound intensity of the sound waves into the microphone to the resulting audio signal. It is measured in dBV/Pa.