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11-Eicosenoic acid, also called gondoic acid, is a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid found in a variety of plant oils and nuts; in particular jojoba oil. [2] It is one of a number of eicosenoic acids .
Eicosenoic acid has 20 carbons, is found in a wide variety of plant oils, and is a cis-11-mono-unsaturated fatty acid. C 19 H 37 CO 2 H, IUPAC organization name (Z)-icos-11-enoic acid, numerical representation 20:1 (11), n-9, molecular weight 310.51. CAS Registry Number 5561-99-9.
Eicosenoic acid may refer to one of three closely related chemical compounds: 9-Eicosenoic acid (gadoleic acid), an omega-11 fatty acid (20:1ω11) 11-Eicosenoic acid (gondoic acid), an omega-9 fatty acid (20:1ω9) 13-Eicosenoic acid (paullinic acid), an omega-7 fatty acid (20:1ω7)
The fatty acid content of Jojoba oil can vary significantly depending on the soil and climate in which the plant is grown, as well as when it is harvested and how the oil is processed. In general, it contains a high proportion of mono-unsaturated fatty acids, primarily 11-Eicosenoic acid (gondoic acid).
Its IUPAC name is (11E)-11-octadecenoic acid, and its lipid shorthand name is 18:1 trans-11. The name was derived from the Latin vacca . [4] Its stereoisomer, cis-vaccenic acid, is found in Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) oil. [9] Its IUPAC name is (11Z)-11-octadecenoic acid, and its lipid shorthand name is 18:1 cis-11.
In chemical structure, EPA is a carboxylic acid with a 20-carbon chain and five cis double bonds; the first double bond is located at the third carbon from the omega end. EPA is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) that acts as a precursor for prostaglandin-3 (which inhibits platelet aggregation ), thromboxane-3 , and leukotriene-5 eicosanoids .
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Eicosadienoic acid: 20:2 (n-6) all-cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) 20:3 (n-6) all-cis-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid Arachidonic acid (AA) 20:4 (n-6) all-cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid Docosadienoic acid: 22:2 (n-6) all-cis-13,16-docosadienoic acid Adrenic acid (AdA) 22:4 (n-6) all-cis-7,10,13,16 ...