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Chemical substance – Form of matter; List of alchemical substances; List of chemical elements; List of minerals – List of minerals with Wikipedia articles; List of named alloys; List of straight-chain alkanes; Polyatomic ion – Ion containing two or more atoms; Exotic molecule – a compound containing one or more exotic atoms
A material property is an intensive property of a material, i.e., a physical property or chemical property that does not depend on the amount of the material. These quantitative properties may be used as a metric by which the benefits of one material versus another can be compared, thereby aiding in materials selection.
Although most compounds are referred to by their IUPAC systematic names (following IUPAC nomenclature), traditional names have also been kept where they are in wide use or of significant historical interests.
Almost all zinc compounds have the element in the +2 oxidation state. [54] When Zn 2+ compounds form, the outer shell s electrons are lost, yielding a bare zinc ion with the electronic configuration [Ar]3d 10. [55] The filled interior d shell generally does not participate in bonding, producing diamagnetic and mostly colorless compounds. [53]
All are polymeric solids. Of these eight compounds, only the iodides are colored. [46] Tin(II) chloride (also known as stannous chloride) is the most important commercial tin halide. Illustrating the routes to such compounds, chlorine reacts with tin metal to give SnCl 4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin produces SnCl 2 and ...
Many chemical compounds have a unique numerical identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS): its CAS number. There is varying and sometimes inconsistent nomenclature differentiating substances, which include truly non-stoichiometric examples, from chemical compounds, which require the fixed ratios.
Five isotopes occur naturally, four of which are stable. The metal and its alloys are mainly used as a refractory and opacifier ; zirconium alloys are used to clad nuclear fuel rods due to their low neutron absorption and strong resistance to corrosion, and in space vehicles and turbine blades where high heat resistance is necessary.
Band structure definitions of metallicity are the most widely used, and apply both to single elements such as insulating boron [16] as well as compounds such as strontium titanate. [17] There are many compounds which have states at the Fermi level and are metallic, for instance titanium nitride . [ 18 ] )