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measuring strabismus. The prism cover test ( PCT) is an objective measurement and the gold standard in measuring strabismus, i.e. ocular misalignment, or a deviation of the eye. [1] It is used by ophthalmologists and orthoptists in order to measure the vertical and horizontal deviation and includes both manifest and latent components. [1]
Strabismus surgery is a one-day procedure that is usually performed under general anesthesia most commonly by either a neuro- or pediatric ophthalmologist. [1] The patient spends only a few hours in the hospital with minimal preoperative preparation. After surgery, the patient should expect soreness and redness but is generally free to return home.
The management of strabismus may include the use of drugs or surgery to correct the strabismus. Agents used include paralytic agents such as botox used on extraocular muscles, [1] topical autonomic nervous system agents to alter the refractive index in the eyes, and agents that act in the central nervous system to correct amblyopia. [2]
Today, the injection of botulinum toxin into the muscles that surround the eyes is one of the available options in the management of strabismus. Other options for strabismus management are vision therapy and occlusion therapy, corrective glasses (or contact lenses) and prism glasses, and strabismus surgery.
Contact lenses. to correct refractive errors of the eye; a little invasive. Phoropter. used in refraction testing. Tonometers. used to determine the intraoccular pressure (IOP) - useful in glaucoma; video link for various types of tonometers. Speculum: to keep the eyes open during any operation. Universal eye speculum.
Glasses, surgery [3] Frequency. ~2% (children) [3] Strabismus is a vision disorder in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object. [2] The eye that is pointed at an object can alternate. [3] The condition may be present occasionally or constantly. [3]
A cover test or cover-uncover test is an objective determination of the presence and amount of ocular deviation. It is typically performed by orthoptists, ophthalmologists and optometrists during eye examinations . The two primary types of cover tests are: the alternating cover test. the unilateral cover test (or the cover-uncover test).
Acne. What it looks like: Acne causes red, discolored bumps on the skin, along with whiteheads, blackheads, and cysts. Other symptoms to note: Acne is the most common skin condition affecting ...