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Description ( notes ) AC. Anterior chamber. fluid-filled space between the iris and the endothelium. AC 4/4. Grade 4 anterior chamber angle. open angle between cornea and iris. AC 3/4. Grade 3 anterior chamber angle.
Snellen chart is used to estimate visual acuity (last three rows are 20/15, 20/13 and 20/10) A Snellen chart is an eye chart that can be used to measure visual acuity. Snellen charts are named after the Dutch ophthalmologist Herman Snellen who developed the chart in 1862 as a measurement tool for the acuity formula developed by his professor ...
Lea test. logMAR chart. An eye chart is a chart used to measure visual acuity comprising lines of optotypes in ranges of sizes. Optotypes are the letters or symbols shown on an eye chart. [1] Eye charts are often used by health care professionals, such as optometrists, physicians and nurses, to screen persons for vision impairment.
Jaeger chart. The Jaeger chart is an eye chart used in testing near visual acuity. It is a card on which paragraphs of text are printed, with the text sizes increasing from 0.37 mm to 2.5 mm. [1] This card is to be held by a patient at a fixed distance from the eye dependent on the J size being read. The smallest print that the patient can read ...
Contact lenses. to correct refractive errors of the eye; a little invasive. Phoropter. used in refraction testing. Tonometers. used to determine the intraoccular pressure (IOP) - useful in glaucoma; video link for various types of tonometers. Speculum: to keep the eyes open during any operation. Universal eye speculum.
History. The chart was designed by Ian Bailey and Jan E. Lovie-Kitchin at the National Vision Research Institute of Australia. They described their motivation for designing the LogMAR chart as follows: "We have designed a series of near vision charts in which the typeface, size progression, size range, number of words per row and spacings were chosen in an endeavour to achieve a ...
Keratometer. A keratometer, also known as an ophthalmometer, is a diagnostic instrument for measuring the curvature of the anterior surface of the cornea, particularly for assessing the extent and axis of astigmatism. It was invented by the German physiologist Hermann von Helmholtz in 1851, although an earlier model was developed in 1796 by ...
Hospital, Clinic, Laboratory. Optometry is a specialized health care profession that involves examining the eyes and related structures for defects or abnormalities. Optometrists are health care professionals who typically provide comprehensive eye care. In the United States and Canada, optometrists are those that hold a Doctor of Optometry degree.