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For example, sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) is a diprotic acid. Since only 0.5 mol of H 2 SO 4 are needed to neutralize 1 mol of OH −, the equivalence factor is: f eq (H 2 SO 4) = 0.5. If the concentration of a sulfuric acid solution is c(H 2 SO 4) = 1 mol/L, then its normality is 2 N. It can also be called a "2 normal" solution.
NO(g) + H 2 O (l) 0.996: 1 [6]: 789 At HAtO + H + + e −: ⇌ At + H 2 O: 1.0 1 [20] V [VO 2] + (aq) + 2 H + + e −: ⇌ 2+ (aq) + H 2 O: 1 1 [27] Te H 6 TeO 6 (aq) + 2 H + + 2 e −: ⇌ TeO 2 (s) + 4 H 2 O: 1.02 2 [27] N: NO 2 (g) + 2 H + + 2 e −: ⇌: NO(g) + H 2 O(l) 1.03: 2 [16] Br: Br − 3 + 2 e −: ⇌: 3 Br −: 1.05: 2 [16] Sb ...
At still higher temperatures, around 500 °C, all gold chlorides convert to gold. This conversion is key to the Miller process, which is widely used for the purification of gold. [2] Reaction with potassium bromide yields potassium auric bromide and potassium chloride with separation of metallic gold: 3 AuCl + 4 KBr → KAuBr 4 + 2 Au + 3 KCl
c(H 2) = 88 g/L / 2.02 g/mol = 43.7 mol/L. The concentration of pure osmium tetroxide (molar mass = 254.23 g/mol) is c(OsO 4) = 5.1 kg/L / 254.23 g/mol = 20.1 mol/L. A typical protein in bacteria, such as E. coli, may have about 60 copies, and the volume of a bacterium is about 10 −15 L. Thus, the number concentration C is C ...
For gases, departure from 3 R per mole of atoms is generally due to two factors: (1) failure of the higher quantum-energy-spaced vibration modes in gas molecules to be excited at room temperature, and (2) loss of potential energy degree of freedom for small gas molecules, simply because most of their atoms are not bonded maximally in space to ...
This ammonium salt is extremely insoluble, and it can be filtered off. Ignition (strong heating) converts it to platinum metal: [4] 3 [NH 4] 2 [PtCl 6] → 3 Pt + 2 N 2 + 2 [NH 4]Cl + 16 HCl. Unprecipitated hexachloroplatinate(IV) is reduced with elemental zinc, and a similar method is suitable for small scale recovery of platinum from ...
List of orders of magnitude for molar concentration; Factor (Molarity) SI prefix Value Item 10 −24: yM 1.66 yM: 1 elementary entity per litre [1]: 8.5 yM: airborne bacteria in the upper troposphere (5100/m 3) [2]
The term molality is formed in analogy to molarity which is the molar concentration of a solution. The earliest known use of the intensive property molality and of its adjectival unit, the now-deprecated molal, appears to have been published by G. N. Lewis and M. Randall in the 1923 publication of Thermodynamics and the Free Energies of Chemical Substances. [3]