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Subclinical deficiency can cause mild symptoms, such as hair thinning, brittle fingernails, or skin rash, typically on the face. [2] [4] Aside from inadequate dietary intake (rare), biotin deficiency can be caused by a genetic disorder that affects biotin metabolism. The most common among these is biotinidase deficiency.
Therefore, all patients receiving TPN must also receive biotin at the recommended daily dose, especially if TPN therapy is expected to last more than 1 week. All hospital pharmacies currently include biotin in TPN preparations. [2] Protein deficiency (not certain): A shortage of proteins involved in biotin homeostasis can cause biotin deficiency.
Discover what this essential B vitamin can do for your body and whether you need more in your diet.
The area of infection is usually painful. [1] Lymphatic vessels may occasionally be involved, [1] [4] and the person may have a fever and feel tired. [2] The legs and face are the most common sites involved, although cellulitis can occur on any part of the body. [1] The leg is typically affected following a break in the skin. [1]
Skin and skin structure infections (SSSIs), also referred to as skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), [1] or acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs), [2] are infections of skin and associated soft tissues (such as loose connective tissue and mucous membranes).
A skin infection is an infection of the skin in humans and other animals, that can also affect the associated soft tissues such as loose connective tissue and mucous membranes. [ citation needed ] They comprise a category of infections termed skin and skin structure infections (SSSIs), or skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), [ 1 ] and acute ...
Biotinidase (EC 3.5.1.12, amidohydrolase biotinidase, BTD), also known as biotinase, [1] is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BTD gene. The enzyme breaks down biotin amides, releasing free biotin and the amine. The main substrate is biocytin, or biotin linked to lysine. It is also capable of breaking apart biotin esters.
It can be caused by infection, massage, electrical treatment, acne medication, allergies, exercise, solar radiation (), photosensitization, [3] acute radiation syndrome, mercury toxicity, blister agents, [4] niacin administration, [5] or waxing and tweezing of the hairs—any of which can cause the affected capillaries to dilate, resulting in redness.