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Uyghur or Uighur (/ ˈ w iː ɡ ʊər,-ɡ ər /; [3] ئۇيغۇر تىلى, Уйғур тили, Uyghur tili, Uyƣur tili, [ʊjˈʁʊɾ.tɪ.lɪ] or ئۇيغۇرچە, Уйғурчә, Uyghurche, Uyƣurqə, [ʊj.ʁʊɾˈtʃɛ], CTA: Uyğurçä; formerly known as Turki or Eastern Turki) is a Turkic language written in a Uyghur Perso-Arabic script with 8–13 million speakers, [1] spoken primarily ...
Uyghur displays vocalic assimilation, atypical among Turkic languages. Syllable-final /r/ , /l/ , and /j/ are optionally assimilated to the preceding vowel which is lengthened, in the case of e and u, made lower and less tense; e.g., xelqler [xæːqlæː] ‘the nations’.
Most are not pronounced much differently than their English counterparts (e.g. Uyghur j in baj "tax" is pronounced like j in judge; Uyghur ch in üch "three" is pronounced like ch in itch; Uyghur h in he’e "yes" is pronounced like h in hello), except that l has palatal or velar variants. A few sounds are not found in English: q gh and x.
Uyghur princes from Cave 9 of the Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves, Xinjiang, China, 8th–9th century AD, wall painting. The history of the Uyghur people, as with the ethnic origin of the people, is a matter of contention. [155] Uyghur historians viewed the Uyghurs as the original inhabitants of Xinjiang with a long history.
Uyghur language, a Turkic language spoken primarily by the Uyghurs Old Uyghur language, a different Turkic language spoken in the Uyghur Khaganate; Uyghur alphabets, any of four systems used to write the language; Uyghur Khaganate, a Turkic empire in the mid 8th and 9th centuries; Uygur, Kulp, a village in Turkey
Uyghur is a Turkic language with a long literary tradition spoken in Xinjiang, China by the Uyghurs.Today, the Uyghur Arabic alphabet is the official writing system used for Uyghur in Xinjiang, whereas other alphabets like the Uyghur Cyrillic alphabets are still in use outside China, especially in Central Asia, and Uyghur Latin is used in western countries.
The Turkic-speaking Yugurs are considered to be the descendants of a group of Old Uyghurs who fled from Mongolia southwards to Gansu after the collapse of the Uyghur Khaganate in 840, where they established the prosperous Ganzhou Uyghur Kingdom (870-1036) with capital near present Zhangye at the base of the Qilian Mountains in the valley of the Ruo Shui.
As with other ethnic groups in the United States, Uyghur Americans also have several organizations. The most well-known organizations are: the Uyghur American Association, [5] a Washington D.C.–based advocacy organization which was established in 1998 by a group of Uyghur overseas activists to raise the public awareness of the Uyghur people