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The Elephantine Papyri and Ostraca consist of thousands of documents from the Egyptian border fortresses of Elephantine and Aswan, which yielded hundreds of papyri and ostraca in hieratic and demotic Egyptian, Aramaic, Koine Greek, Latin and Coptic, spanning a period of 100 years in the 5th to 4th centuries BCE.
The collection does not include the Saqqarah papyri [a] and most of the Clermont-Ganneau ostraca. [b] [4] [5] It is the standard reference textbook for the Aramaic Elephantine papyri and ostraca, as well as other examples of Egyptian Aramaic, which together provide the primary extant examples of Imperial Aramaic worldwide. [6]
The Elephantine papyri and ostraca are caches of legal documents and letters written in Imperial Aramaic dating to sometime in the 5th century BC. [28] [29] These papyri document the presence of a community of Judean mercenaries and their families on Elephantine, starting in the 7th century BCE. The mercenaries guarded the frontier between ...
This list of papyri from ancient Egypt includes some of the better known individual papyri written in hieroglyphs, hieratic, demotic or in ancient Greek. Excluded are papyri found abroad or containing Biblical texts which are listed in separate lists .
Column V (verso) of the Behistun papyrus, showing fragments of 17 of the original 18 lines. The Behistun papyrus, formally known as Berlin Papyrus P. 13447, is an Aramaic-Egyptian fragmentary partial copy of the Behistun inscription, and one of the Elephantine papyri discovered during the German excavations between 1906 and 1908.
Elephantine papyri and ostraca: 3.46 [The Jedaniah Archive from Elephantine] The Passover Letter: 491 "The Passover Papyrus" 3.51 [The Jedaniah Archive from Elephantine] Request for Letter of Recommendation (First Draft) 491–492: Petition for Authorization to Rebuild the Temple of Yaho: 3.52
The Elephantine papyri and ostraca, as well as other Egyptian texts, are the largest group of extant records in the language, collected in the standard Textbook of Aramaic Documents from Ancient Egypt. [1] Outside of Egypt, most texts are known from stone or pottery inscriptions spread across a wide geographic area. [1]
Charles Edwin Wilbour was born in Little Compton, Rhode Island, on March 17, 1833.He received a classical education and entered Brown University, where he took a prize for proficiency in Greek and was noted for his thorough acquaintance with the ancient and modern languages, but did not graduate due to poor health.