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The cloverleaf model of tRNA is a model that depicts the molecular structure of tRNA. [1] The model revealed that the chain of tRNA consists of two ends—sometimes called "business ends"—and three arms. Two of the arms have a loop, D-loop (dihydro U loop) and Tψc-loop with a ribosome recognition site.
Loop interchange on this example can improve the cache performance of accessing b(j,i), but it will ruin the reuse of a(i) and c(i) in the inner loop, as it introduces two extra loads (for a(i) and for c(i)) and one extra store (for a(i)) during each iteration. As a result, the overall performance may be degraded after loop interchange.
A tRNA is commonly named by its intended amino acid (e.g. tRNA-Asn), by its anticodon sequence (e.g. tRNA(GUU)), or by both (e.g. tRNA-Asn(GUU) or tRNA Asn GUU ). [ 19 ] These two features describe the main function of the tRNA, but do not actually cover the whole diversity of tRNA variation; as a result, numerical suffixes are added to ...
In 1971, Kim et al. achieved another breakthrough, producing crystals of yeast tRNA PHE that diffracted to 2-3 Ångström resolutions by using spermine, a naturally occurring polyamine, which bound to and stabilized the tRNA. [61] For a considerable time following the first tRNA structures, the field of RNA structure did not dramatically advance.
The secondary structure of nucleic acid molecules can often be uniquely decomposed into stems and loops. The stem-loop structure (also often referred to as an "hairpin"), in which a base-paired helix ends in a short unpaired loop, is extremely common and is a building block for larger structural motifs such as cloverleaf structures, which are ...
Research has shown that performance of the complete structure of a loop with an inner loop is different when compared with a loop without an inner loop. [2] Indeed, even the performance of two loops with different types of inner loop, where one is a for loop and the other a while loop, are different.
(Nested loops occur when one loop is inside of another loop.) One classical usage is to reduce memory access latency or the cache bandwidth necessary due to cache reuse for some common linear algebra algorithms. The technique used to produce this optimization is called loop tiling, [1] also known as loop blocking [2] or strip mine and interchange.
The naïve algorithm using three nested loops uses Ω(n 3) communication bandwidth. Cannon's algorithm, also known as the 2D algorithm, is a communication-avoiding algorithm that partitions each input matrix into a block matrix whose elements are submatrices of size √ M/3 by √ M/3, where M is the size of fast memory. [28]