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Aliphatic compounds can be saturated, joined by single bonds (), or unsaturated, with double bonds or triple bonds ().If other elements (heteroatoms) are bound to the carbon chain, the most common being oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine, it is no longer a hydrocarbon, and therefore no longer an aliphatic compound.
Analysis of the hydrocarbon fraction of crude oils by GC reveals a complex mixture containing many thousands of individual components. [11] Components that are resolved by GC have been extensively studied e.g. [ 12 ] However, despite the application of many analytical techniques the remaining components have, until very recently, proved ...
An example of a microbe that can degrade AOX is shown below in Figures 1 [12] and 2. [13] Figure 1: Step wise degradation of PCE. A sample dechlorination of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) such as perchloroethylene (PCE) by Dehalococcoides ethenogenes has been illustrated above.
The Wohl–Ziegler reaction [1] [2] is a chemical reaction that involves the allylic or benzylic bromination of hydrocarbons using an N-bromosuccinimide and a radical initiator. [3] Best yields are achieved with N-bromosuccinimide in carbon tetrachloride solvent. Several reviews have been published. [4] [5]
Experiments under high temperatures and pressures produced many hydrocarbons—including n-alkanes through C 10 H 22 —from iron oxide, calcium carbonate, and water. [17] Because such materials are in the mantle and in subducted crust, there is no requirement that all hydrocarbons be produced from primordial deposits.
The epicuticular waxes of plants are mixtures of substituted long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, containing alkanes, alkyl esters, fatty acids, primary and secondary alcohols, diols, ketones and aldehydes. [2] From the commercial perspective, the most important plant wax is carnauba wax, a hard wax obtained from the Brazilian palm Copernicia ...
The Yamaguchi esterification is the chemical reaction of an aliphatic carboxylic acid and 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoyl chloride (TCBC, Yamaguchi reagent) to form a mixed anhydride which, upon reaction with an alcohol in the presence of stoichiometric amount of DMAP, produces the desired ester. It was first reported by Masaru Yamaguchi et al. in 1979 ...
An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which two carbonyl moieties (of aldehydes or ketones) react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), and this is then followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone.