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The interdental papilla, also known as the interdental gingiva, is the part of the gums (gingiva) that exists coronal to the free gingival margin on the mesial and distal surfaces of the teeth. The interdental papillae fill in the area between the teeth apical to their contact areas to prevent food impaction; they assume a conical shape for the ...
Gingivoplasty is the process by which the gingiva are reshaped to correct deformities. Gingivoplasty is similar to gingivectomy but with a different objective. This is a procedure performed to eliminate periodontal pockets along with the reshaping as part of the technique.
It is normally triangular or pyramidal in shape and is formed by two interdental papillae (lingual and facial). [4] [5] The middle or centre part of the interdental papilla is made up of attached gingiva, whereas the borders and tip are formed by the free gingiva. The central point between the interdental papillae is called the col.
The interdental papilla does not fully enclose the space, leading to an aperture between adjacent teeth. [1] This gap has many causes including gingival recession, and gingival withdrawal post-orthodontic work. [2] Interdental "black triangles" were rated as the third-most-disliked aesthetic problem below caries and crown margins. [3]
1: Total loss of attachment (clinical attachment loss, CAL) is the sum of 2: Gingival recession, and 3: Probing depth. Gingival recession, also known as gum recession and receding gums, is the exposure in the roots of the teeth caused by a loss of gum tissue and/or retraction of the gingival margin from the crown of the teeth. [1]
Aesthetics will be affected such as longer clinical crowns and loss of interdental papillae leading to "black triangles" It can result in exposure of furcations; Mobility of teeth; Post-op sensitivity due to root dentine exposure; Patient may need long-term treatment until gingival margin stabilised (3–6 months).
The interdental gum lies between the teeth. They occupy the gingival embrasure, which is the interproximal space beneath the area of tooth contact. The interdental papilla can be pyramidal or have a "col" shape. Attached gums are resistant to the forces of chewing and covered in keratin.
In embryology and prenatal development, the dental papilla is a condensation of ectomesenchymal cells called odontoblasts, seen in histologic sections of a developing tooth. It lies below a cellular aggregation known as the enamel organ. The dental papilla appears after 8–10 weeks of intra uteral life.