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Variability in solar radiation pressure [5] has an indirect effect on GPS accuracy due to its effect on ephemeris errors. If a fast time to first fix (TTFF) is needed, it is possible to upload a valid ephemeris to a receiver, and in addition to setting the time, a position fix can be obtained in under ten seconds.
HDOP AND GPS HORIZONTAL POSITION ERRORS; Article on DOP and Trimble's program: Determining Local GPS Satellite Geometry Effects On Position Accuracy. Notes & GIF image on manually calculating GDOP: Geographer's Craft; GPS Errors & Estimating Your Receiver's Accuracy: Sam Wormley's GPS Accuracy Web Page
It must acquire each satellite signal and obtain that satellite's detailed orbital information, called ephemeris data. Each satellite broadcasts its ephemeris data every 30 seconds with validity of up to 4 hours. Hot or standby The receiver has valid time, position, almanac, and ephemeris data, enabling a rapid acquisition of satellite signals.
To determine the GPS coordinates of a destination, one can use sites such as GPScoordinates.eu and GPS visualizer. Some software presented here is free, but maps may need to be paid for. In this instance, and in the instance that some maps (of specific countries) are not standardly available, Mobile Atlas Creator (MOBAC) can be used (e.g. on ...
The GPS date and time, and the satellite's status. The ephemeris: precise orbital information for the transmitting satellite. The almanac: status and low-resolution orbital information for every satellite. An ephemeris is valid for only four hours, while an almanac is valid–with little dilution of precision–for up to two weeks. [7]
GPS dates are expressed as a week number and a day-of-week number, with the week number initially using a ten-bit value and modernised GPS navigation messages using a 13-bit field. Ten-bit systems would roll over every 1024 weeks (about 19.6 years) after Sunday 6 January 1980 (the GPS epoch ), and 13-bit systems roll over every 8192 weeks.
DGPS Reference Station (choke ring antenna)A reference station calculates differential corrections for its own location and time. Users may be up to 200 nautical miles (370 km) from the station, however, and some of the compensated errors vary with space: specifically, satellite ephemeris errors and those introduced by ionospheric and tropospheric distortions.
A surveyor uses a GNSS receiver with an RTK solution to accurately locate a parking stripe for a topographic survey. Real-time kinematic positioning (RTK) is the application of surveying to correct for common errors in current satellite navigation (GNSS) systems. [1]