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The performance of an echo canceller is measured in echo return loss enhancement (ERLE), [3] [9] which is the amount of additional signal loss applied by the echo canceller. Most echo cancellers are able to apply 18 to 35 dB ERLE. The total signal loss of the echo (ACOM) is the sum of the ERL and ERLE. [9] [10]
However, any uncancelled hybrid leakage will cause echo when the associated transmission path has delay, so the effect on the system is reduction of echo.) Hybrids and cancellers are sometimes combined with echo suppressors. These work on the assumption that usually only one of the two parties to a conversation is speaking at a given time.
The group delay and phase delay properties of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system are functions of frequency, giving the time from when a frequency component of a time varying physical quantity—for example a voltage signal—appears at the LTI system input, to the time when a copy of that same frequency component—perhaps of a different physical phenomenon—appears at the LTI system output.
Latency depends on packet time, propagation and queuing delays, packet processing overhead, and buffering in the destination device; thus minimum latency is the shortest packet time and network forwarding time, which can be less than 1 μs on a point-to-point Gigabit Ethernet link with minimum packet size, but in real-world networks could be ...
Adaptive feedback cancellation originated during the evolution of the hearing aid. The hearing aid became digital, and as such feedback cancellation was needed. In 1980 a directional microphone was introduced in the digital hearing aid, and adaptive feedback cancellation was created to block external noise that the microphone picked up. Today ...
Latency, from a general point of view, is a time delay between the cause and the effect of some physical change in the system being observed. Lag, as it is known in gaming circles, refers to the latency between the input to a simulation and the visual or auditory response, often occurring because of network delay in online games.
It specifies the latency for a bit of data to travel across the network from one communication endpoint to another. [1] [2]: 5 It is typically measured in multiples or fractions of a second. Delay may differ slightly, depending on the location of the specific pair of communicating endpoints.
A noise-cancellation speaker emits a sound wave with the same amplitude but with an inverted phase (also known as antiphase) relative to the original sound. The waves combine to form a new wave, in a process called interference, and effectively cancel each other out – an effect which is called destructive interference.