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The Red Ensign or "Red Duster" is the civil ensign of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is one of the British ensigns, and it is used either plain or defaced with either a badge or a charge, mostly in the right half. It is the flag flown by British merchant or passenger ships since 1707.
In British maritime law and custom, an ensign is the identifying flag flown to designate a British ship, either military or civilian. Such flags display the United Kingdom Union Flag in the canton (the upper corner next to the staff), with either a red, white or blue field, dependent on whether the vessel is civilian, naval, or in a special category.
A ship registered in any country within the Red Ensign group is entitled to fly the Red Ensign, or it can choose to fly the Red Ensign defaced with its home port national colors. [7] As an example in 2011 the home port and registry of RMS Queen Mary 2 was changed from Southampton, Great Britain, to Hamilton, Bermuda, a UK overseas territory. [8]
Scottish Red Ensign, used by the Royal Scottish Navy: A red ensign with the Flag of Scotland in the canton 1707–1801: Red Ensign of Great Britain: The Red Ensign with the first version of the Union Jack. (This was the flag flown over the Thirteen Colonies before the American Revolution) 1707–1801: White Ensign of Great Britain
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The Red Ensign is one of three British ensigns in use and is also the basis of the flags of numerous British overseas territories and former colonies in the British ...
A red ensign defaced with the coat of arms of the Dominion of Canada surrounded by an arc of golden maple leaves within a white disc. 1896: Canada (civil ensign variant) A red ensign defaced with the coat of arms of the Dominion of Canada with the Crown of Saint Edward (Heraldry). 1868–1921: Canada (naval ensign)
In the UK, it is simply referred to as the Merchant Navy or MN. Merchant Navy vessels fly the Red Ensign and the ships and crew are regulated by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA), a specialist agency of the UK Department of Transport. British merchant ships are registered under the UK or Red Ensign group ship registries.