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In fire protection engineering, the K-factor formula is used to calculate the volumetric flow rate from a nozzle. Spray nozzles can for example be fire sprinklers or water mist nozzles, hose reel nozzles, water monitors and deluge fire system nozzles.
When the results are collected carefully, formulas can be applied to figure the varying pressure(s) that will be available when different amounts of water flow are used from the same source. A process to perform a water flow test is explained in the model fire codes as published by NFPA (National Fire Protection Association).
The National Fire Danger Rating System (NFDRS) uses a modified version of Bryam's equation for flame length – based on the Spread Component (SC) and the available energy (ERC) – to calculate flame length from which the Burning Index is computed. [1] The equation for flame length is listed below: [1]
The Hazen–Williams equation is an empirical relationship that relates the flow of water in a pipe with the physical properties of the pipe and the pressure drop caused by friction. It is used in the design of water pipe systems [ 1 ] such as fire sprinkler systems , [ 2 ] water supply networks , and irrigation systems.
The output section of the NFDRS structure chart is the components or simply the outputs that are based in fire behavior description but expressed in the broader context of fire danger rating. [ 6 ] Spread Component – Displays a value numerically equivalent to the predicted forward rate of spread of a head fire in feet per minute.
For some usage examples, consider the conversion of 1 SCCM to kg/s of a gas of molecular weight , where is in kg/kmol. Furthermore, consider standard conditions of 101325 Pa and 273.15 K, and assume the gas is an ideal gas (i.e., =).
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This template produces a NFPA 704 safety square with optionally four hazard codes. It is designed to be used in a table. Primary use is through {{}}, the {{}} box and {{OrganicBox complete}} (chemical data pages).