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Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) refers to a group of neurological disorders that relate to malformations of the spinal cord. [1] Various forms include tight filum terminale , lipomeningomyelocele , split cord malformations ( diastematomyelia ), occult, dermal sinus tracts , and dermoids .
This can actually cause Scoliosis as well as most of the other symptoms of the more typical tethered cord. This can be diagnosed the same way with the CINE MRI and by checking symptoms. Be aware that this is a fairly newly recognized syndrome. In many areas, doctors simply do not have the time to stay up on these types of advances.
It is frequently co-morbid with atlanto-axial joint instability, Chiari malformation, [3] or tethered spinal cord syndrome. The condition can be brought on by physical trauma, including whiplash, laxity of the ligaments surrounding the joint, or other damage to the surrounding connective tissue.
If the spinal cord is not free to move within the thecal sac due to abnormal tissue attachments, especially during growth, tethered spinal cord syndrome may occur. [8] In a split cord malformation, some portion of the spinal cord is divided into parallel halves.
Diastematomyelia is a "dysraphic state" of unknown embryonic origin, but is probably initiated by an accessory neurenteric canal (an additional embryonic spinal canal.).) This condition may be an isolated phenomenon or may be associated with other segmental anomalies of the vertebral bodies such as spina bifida, kyphoscoliosis, butterfly vertebra, hemivertebra and block vertebrae which are ...
For those children with spinal cord diseases, lumbar puncture may damage the spinal cord due to possibility of tethered spinal cord syndrome where the spinal cord is located below than the usual spinal termination level. [3] Therefore, lumbar puncture should be done at the lowest position as possible for such cases. However, spinal cord injury ...
Other conditions sometimes causally associated with Chiari malformation include hydrocephalus, [49] syringomyelia, spinal curvature, tethered spinal cord syndrome, and connective tissue disorders [42] such as Ehlers–Danlos syndrome [50] and Marfan syndrome. Chiari malformation is the most frequently used term for this set of conditions.
The first is the dorsal type, which means that the disruption of the spinal cord occurs on the dorsal, i.e. towards the back, portion of the spinal cord. [1] There may be nerves affected, but these types of spinal lipomas generally do not extend into the conus medullaris, which is the ends of spinal cord nerves. Dorsal lipomas are typically ...