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The Conquest of Chile is a period in Chilean history that starts with the arrival of Pedro de Valdivia to Chile in 1541 and ends with the death of Martín García Óñez de Loyola in the Battle of Curalaba in 1598, and the subsequent destruction of the Seven Cities in 1598–1604 in the Araucanía region.
The first European to discover Chile was Ferdinand Magellan, in 1520, following the passage in the Strait which bears his name on a wall, at the southern tip of Latin America. Following the conquest of the Aztec Empire by Hernán Cortés between 1518 and 1521, a new wave of territorial expansion occurred in the direction of the Inca Empire from ...
Valdivia soon began rebuilding Santiago and conquering the northern region of Chile, including the Atacama Desert. [26] [27] In 1546 Valdivia set out to conquer the south with sixty horsemen and crossed the Itata River, finally reaching the Biobío River where he was attacked by Mapuche warriors at the battle of Quilacura and was forced to ...
He extended Spanish rule south to the Biobío River in 1546, fought again in Peru (1546–1548), and returned to Chile as governor in 1549. He began to colonize Chile south of the Biobío and founded Concepción in 1550. [2] He was captured and killed by Mapuche Indians during the Arauco War in 1553. The city of Valdivia in Chile is named after ...
[citation needed] Prehispanic Chile was peopled by diverse Amerindian people who were located around the Andes and the coast. In the area to the north of the country, the Aymara and the Atacama began to cultivate land from the 11th century in the style of the Incas (growing plants on terraces on the sides of mountains with canal systems).
The north of Chile would remain free of danger from then on, although somewhat depopulated and deficient in labor. In 1552 the Lieutenant General of La Serena, Aguirre took possession of Tucumán , on the other side of the Andes , after disputing the claim of Juan Núñez de Prado , who did not recognize the authority of Valdivia.
In Chilean historiography, Colonial Chile (Spanish: La colonia) is the period from 1600 to 1810, ... traveled southward to conquer Mapuche territory. [54]
During this period, the defenders of the Spanish Empire reestablished their dominion in Chile after said country had separated itself from the Spanish Crown, installed its First National Government Board in 1810—the first institution of self-government in Chile, created its First Congress National in 1811 and subsequently elected its first ...