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The Conquest of Chile is a period in Chilean history that starts with the arrival of Pedro de Valdivia to Chile in 1541 and ends with the death of Martín García Óñez de Loyola in the Battle of Curalaba in 1598, and the subsequent destruction of the Seven Cities in 1598–1604 in the Araucanía region.
The first European to discover Chile was Ferdinand Magellan, in 1520, following the passage in the Strait which bears his name on a wall, at the southern tip of Latin America. Following the conquest of the Aztec Empire by Hernán Cortés between 1518 and 1521, a new wave of territorial expansion occurred in the direction of the Inca Empire from ...
View of a modern reconstruction of the Fort of Purén built during the occupation.. The Occupation of Araucanía or Pacification of Araucanía (1861–1883) was a series of military campaigns, agreements and penetrations by the Chilean army and settlers into Mapuche territory which led to the incorporation of Araucanía into Chilean national territory.
He extended Spanish rule south to the Biobío River in 1546, fought again in Peru (1546–1548), and returned to Chile as governor in 1549. He began to colonize Chile south of the Biobío and founded Concepción in 1550. [2] He was captured and killed by Mapuche Indians during the Arauco War in 1553. The city of Valdivia in Chile is named after ...
The Arauco War was a long-running conflict between colonial Spaniards and the Mapuche people, mostly fought in the Araucanía region of Chile.The conflict began at first as a reaction to the Spanish conquerors attempting to establish cities and force Mapuches into servitude.
Valdivia soon began rebuilding Santiago and conquering the northern region of Chile, including the Atacama Desert. [26] [27] In 1546 Valdivia set out to conquer the south with sixty horsemen and crossed the Itata River, finally reaching the Biobío River where he was attacked by Mapuche warriors at the battle of Quilacura and was forced to ...
Capitanía General de Chile, or Gobernación de Chile, remained a colony of the Spanish Empire until 1818 when it declared itself independent. In the mid Eighteenth Century, the Bourbon administrative reforms divided Chile into intendencias (provinces) and further into partidos (counties) which were also known by the older term of corregimientos.
The north of Chile would remain free of danger from then on, although somewhat depopulated and deficient in labor. In 1552 the Lieutenant General of La Serena, Aguirre took possession of Tucumán , on the other side of the Andes , after disputing the claim of Juan Núñez de Prado , who did not recognize the authority of Valdivia.