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In genetics, a transcription terminator is a section of nucleic acid sequence that marks the end of a gene or operon in genomic DNA during transcription.This sequence mediates transcriptional termination by providing signals in the newly synthesized transcript RNA that trigger processes which release the transcript RNA from the transcriptional complex.
In the context of translation, a termination signal is the stop codon on the mRNA that elicits the release of the growing peptide from the ribosome. [2] Termination signals play an important role in regulating gene expression since they mark the end of a gene transcript and determine which DNA sequences are expressed in the cell. [1]
They are required for the termination of DNA replication and function by binding to DNA replication terminator sequences, thus preventing the passage of replication forks. [1] The termination efficiency is affected by the affinity of a particular protein for the terminator sequence .
The DNA strands are shown in pink and green.) Tus, also known as terminus utilization substance, is a protein that binds to terminator sequences and acts as a counter-helicase when it comes in contact with an advancing helicase. [2] The bound Tus protein effectively halts DNA polymerase movement. [2] Tus helps end DNA replication in prokaryotes ...
Termination requires that the progress of the DNA replication fork must stop or be blocked. Termination at a specific locus, when it occurs, involves the interaction between two components: (1) a termination site sequence in the DNA, and (2) a protein which binds to this sequence to physically stop DNA replication.
Nonsense mutations are changes in DNA sequence that introduce a premature stop codon, causing any resulting protein to be abnormally shortened. This often causes a loss of function in the protein, as critical parts of the amino acid chain are no longer assembled. Because of this terminology, stop codons have also been referred to as nonsense ...
Computational approaches, primarily by sequence analysis, have shown the existence of AREs in approximately 5 to 8% of human 3′-UTRs and the presence of one or more miRNA targets in as many as 60% or more of human 3′-UTRs. Software can rapidly compare millions of sequences at once to find similarities between various 3′ UTRs within the ...
The purpose function of intrinsic termination is to signal for the dissociation of the ternary elongation complex (TEC), ending the transcript. Intrinsic termination independent of the protein Rho, as opposed to Rho-dependent termination, where the bacterial Rho protein comes in and acts on the RNA polymerase, causing it to dissociate. [1]