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The twisted nematic effect (TN-effect) was a major technological breakthrough that made the manufacture of large, thin liquid crystal displays practical and cost competitive. Unlike earlier flat-panel displays, TN-cells did not require a current to flow for operation and used low operating voltages suitable for use with batteries.
A STN (super-twisted nematic) display is a type of liquid-crystal display (LCD). An LCD is a flat-panel display that uses liquid crystals to change its properties when exposed to an electric field, which can be used to create images. This change is called the twisted nematic (TN) field effect. Earlier TN displays twisted the liquid crystal ...
The twisted nematic (TN) display is one of the oldest and frequently cheapest kind of liquid crystal display technologies. TN displays have fast pixel response times and less smearing than other types of LCDs like IPS displays , but suffer from poor color reproduction and limited viewing angles, especially in the vertical direction.
Tektronix 4014 with a "DVBST" storage display screen. Nixie tube display ... Twisted nematic field effect LCD. 1971 Twisted nematic field effect LCD [6] [7] [8]
twisted configurations with dichroic dyes twisted nematic field-effect, [2] TN supertwisted nematic effects, STN, the total twist is > 90° SBE (supertwisted birefringence effect) [3] DSTN: double layer STN effect FSTN: foil-compensated supertwisted nematic effect (foil = retarder sheet) in-plane switching effects, IPS [4]
IPS (in-plane switching) is a screen technology for liquid-crystal displays (LCDs). In IPS, a layer of liquid crystals is sandwiched between two glass surfaces. The liquid crystal molecules are aligned parallel to those surfaces in predetermined directions (in-plane). The molecules are reoriented by an applied electric field, while remaining ...
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In a twisted nematic (TN) device, the surface alignment directions at the two electrodes are perpendicular to each other, and so the molecules arrange themselves in a helical structure, or twist. This induces the rotation of the polarization of the incident light, and the device appears gray.