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2. Gum arabic - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gum_arabic

   The name "gum Arabic" (al-samgh al-'arabi) was used in the Middle East at least as early as the 9th century. Gum arabic first found its way to Europe via Arabic ports, and retained its name of origin. [3] Gum arabic is a complex mixture of glycoproteins and polysaccharides, predominantly polymers of arabinose and galactose.

3. Hand-colouring of photographs - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand-colouring_of_photographs

   Watercolour paint used in photographic hand-colouring consists of four ingredients: pigments (natural or synthetic), a binder (traditionally arabic gum), additives to improve plasticity (such as glycerine), and a solvent to dilute the paint (i.e. water) that evaporates when the paint dries. The paint is typically applied to prints using a soft ...

4. Wash (visual arts) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wash_(visual_arts)

   However, when gum arabic watercolor washes are applied to a highly absorbent surface, such as paper, the effects are long lasting. The wash technique can be achieved by doing the following: With water-based media such as inks, acrylic paints, tempera paints or watercolor paints, a wet brush should be dipped into a pool of very wet and diluted ...

5. Gouache - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gouache

   Gouache (/ ɡ u ˈ ɑː ʃ, ɡ w ɑː ʃ /; French:), body color, [a] or opaque watercolor is a water-medium paint consisting of natural pigment, water, a binding agent (usually gum arabic or dextrin), [1] and sometimes additional inert material. Gouache is designed to be opaque. Gouache has a long history, having been used for at least twelve ...

6. Gum printing - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gum_printing

   Gum printing is a way of making photographic reproductions without the use of silver halides. The process uses salts of dichromate in common with a number of other related processes such as sun printing. Gum prints tend to be multi-layered images sometimes combined with other alternative process printing methods such as cyanotype and ...

7. Paint - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paint

   Used by the earliest western artists, Egg tempera (where the medium is an emulsion of raw egg yolk mixed with oil) remains in use as well, as are encaustic wax-based paints. Gouache is an opaque variant of watercolor, which is based around varying levels of translucency; both paints use gum arabic as the binder and water as a thinner. Gouache ...

8. Watercolor paper - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercolor_paper

   Papyrus was used as a 'paper' onto which the Egyptians applied their water-based paints or pigments. [5] Modern Watercolor brands and countries of manufacture: Winsor & Newton, Saunders & Waterford, Hayle Mill, Whatman and Bockingford Watercolor Paper made in Britain; Bee Paper Company and St. Armand Watercolor Paper, Canada; Velke Losiny Moldau watercolor paper, Czech Republic; Canson ...

9. Wasli - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasli

   Wasli is an acid-free paper and it has archival qualities. Paper-eating insects cannot eat it because of a poison copper sulphate (Neela Thootha) used its preparation. The glue typically used to paste sheets together is also acid-free, being made out of cooking flour.