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A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [ 1 ] The definitive visualisation of all 118 elements is the periodic table of the elements , whose history along the principles of the periodic law was one of the founding ...
The table is color-coded to show the chemical groupings. Small symbols pack in additional information: solid/liquid/gas, the color of an element, common in the human body, common in the earth's crust, magnetic metals, noble metals, radioactive, and rare or never found in nature.
Etymology of the chemical element names Element Original word Language of origin Meaning Nature of origin Name (symbol) Z Description (symbol etymology, former names) Hydrogen (H) 1 ὕδωρ (root: ὑδρ-) + γενής (hydor genes) Greek via Latin and French "water + begetter" descriptive
The symbol No is now used for nobelium. [nb 2] Np: Neptunium: 91: Discredited claim to discovery of protactinium. The symbol and name were later used for element 93. [nb 2] [9] Np: Nipponium: 43: Discredited claim to discovery of technetium. The symbol Np is now used for neptunium. [nb 2] [5] Ns: Nielsbohrium: 105: Proposed name for dubnium ...
The symbols are not followed by a period (full stop) as with abbreviations. In most cases, Latin names of elements as used by Berzelius have the same roots as the modern English name. For example, hydrogen has the symbol "H" from Neo-Latin hydrogenium, which has the same Greek roots as English hydrogen. However, in eleven cases Latin (as used ...
Periodic tables usually at least show the elements' symbols; many also provide supplementary information about the elements, either via colour-coding or as data in the cells. The above table shows the names and atomic numbers of the elements, and also their blocks, natural occurrences and standard atomic weights. For the short-lived elements ...
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The first letter is always capitalized. While the symbol is often a contraction of the element's name, it may sometimes not match the element's English name; for example, "Pb" for lead (from Latin plumbum) or "W" for tungsten (from German Wolfram). Elements which have only temporary systematic names are given temporary three-letter symbols (e.g ...