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Principal language families of the world (and in some cases geographic groups of families). For greater detail, see Distribution of languages in the world. This is a list of languages by total number of speakers. It is difficult to define what constitutes a language as opposed to a dialect.
It is also the de facto national language of the country. In India, Bengali is one of the 23 official languages. [52] It is the official language of the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and in Barak Valley of Assam. [53] [54] Bengali has been a second official language of the Indian state of Jharkhand since September 2011.
Standard Bengali based on the Rarhi dialect is the national language of Bangladesh. The majority of Bangladeshis speak an eastern variant of Bengali. [20] Other native languages of Bangladesh include Sylheti, Rangpuri, Noakhali and Chittagonian, while some ethnic minority groups also speak Tibeto-Burman, Dravidian and Austro-Asiatic languages. [20]
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Bengali is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language that originated from the Middle Indo-Aryan language in the 7th century.. After the conquest of Nadia in 1204 AD, Islamic rule began in Bengal, which influenced the Bengali language.
The country is the third-most populous Muslim-majority state in the world and has the fourth-largest overall Muslim population. [236] Bengali Hindus form the country's second-largest religious minority and the third-largest Hindu community in the world. According to the 2022 census Hindus form 7.95% of the total population.
Standard Bengali: spoken all over the country – originally the dialect of Nadia region (partly in Khulna Division), very close to dialect in the rest of Khulna Division; Bangali: General Eastern Bengali dialect spoken (beside Standard Bengali) in most of the parts of Bangladesh (Dhaka, Khulna, Mymensingh, Greater Comilla and Barisal regions).
[49] [50] [51] The minority Bengali Hindu population made up approximately 7.95% of the population of the country according to the 2022 Census [52] [53] Non-Bengali Muslims make up the largest immigrant community; while the Tibeto-Burman Chakmas, who speak the Indo-Aryan Chakma language, are the largest indigenous ethnic group after Indo-Aryan ...