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Various other Muslim kingdoms ruled most of South Asia from the mid-14th to late 18th centuries, including the Bahmani, Bengal, Gujarat, Malwa, Kashmir, Multan, Mysore, Carnatic and Deccan Sultanates. [4] [5] Though the Muslim dynasties in India were diverse in origin, they were linked together by the Persianate culture and Islam.
Expansion of trade brought India into contact with Islam. Arab traders settled in Indian ports. In the seventh century, they converted to Islam, giving rise to small Muslim communities. These communities grew due to Indian conversions and because Hindu kings of south India (such as the Cholas) hired Muslim mercenaries. [165]
After that Muslim dynasties rose; some of these dynasties established notable and prominent Muslim empires, such as the Umayyad Empire and later the Abbasid Empire, [1] [2] Ottoman Empire centered around Anatolia, the Safavid Empire of Persia, and the Mughal Empire in India. [citation needed]
Islam is India's second-largest religion, with 14.2% of the country's population, or approximately 172.2 million people, identifying as adherents of Islam in a 2011 census. [7] India also has the third-largest number of Muslims in the world. [8] [9] The majority of India's Muslims are Sunni, with Shia making up around 15% of the Muslim ...
The Deccan sultanates is a historiographical term referring to five late medieval to early modern Indian kingdoms on the Deccan Plateau between the Krishna River and the Vindhya Range that were created from the disintegration of the Bahmani Sultanate [1] [2] and ruled by Muslim dynasties: namely Ahmadnagar, Berar, Bidar, Bijapur, and Golconda. [3]
Kolathunadu (Also called Chirakkal kingdom; successors to the Mushika dynasty) The minor kingdoms included - Arakkal kingdom, sole Muslim kingdom of Kerala; vassal to the Kingdom of Kolathunadu; Villarvattom, sole but putative Christian kingdom of Kerala (ostensibly existed in 15th century); vassal to the Kingdom of Cochin [9] [10] [11]
The Bengal Sultanate was a Sunni Muslim monarchy [9] [10] [11] with Bengali, Turco-Persian, Afghan and Abyssinian elites. [12] The most prominent dynasties were the Ilyas Shahi, House of Ganesha and Hussain Shahi. The kingdom was known for its religious pluralism where non-Muslim communities co-existed peacefully.
Ma'bar Sultanate (Persian: سلطنت مابار), also known as the Madurai Sultanate, was a short lived kingdom based in the city of Madurai in Tamil Nadu, India.It was dominated by Hindustani speaking Muslims. [1]