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Ernesto Laclau (Spanish:; 6 October 1935 – 13 April 2014) was an Argentine political theorist and philosopher. He is often described as an 'inventor' of post-Marxist political theory. He is well known for his collaborations with his long-term partner, Chantal Mouffe .
The Essex School of discourse analysis, or simply 'The Essex School', refers to a type of scholarship founded on the works of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe.It focuses predominantly on the political discourses of late modernity utilising discourse analysis, as well as post-structuralist and psychoanalytic theory, such as may be found in the works of Lacan, Foucault, Barthes, and Derrida.
Developing several sharp divergences from the tenets of canonical Marxist thought, the authors begin by tracing historically varied discursive constitutions of class, political identity, and social self-understanding, and then tie these to the contemporary importance of hegemony as a destabilized analytic which avoids the traps of various ...
Over the course of the 1990s, Butler, Laclau, and Žižek found themselves engaging with each other's work in their own books. In order to focus more closely on their theoretical differences (and similarities), they decided to produce a book in which all three would contribute three essays each, with the authors' respective second and third essays responding to the points of dispute raised by ...
Radical democracy was articulated by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe in their book Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics, written in 1985. They argue that social movements which attempt to create social and political change need a strategy which challenges neoliberal and neoconservative concepts of democracy. [2]
The main Peronist party is the Justicialist Party, [3] whose policies have significantly varied over time and across government administrations, [3] but have generally been described as "a vague blend of nationalism and labourism", [3] or populism. [2] [67] Alan Knight argues that Peronism is similar to Bolivarian Revolution and the Mexican ...
Influenced by Carl Schmitt's friend-enemy distinction, the Belgian political theorist Chantal Mouffe promotes the development of left-wing populism as a method to establish hegemony for progressivist views. Mouffe argues that the current political situation is a "populist moment" and the left can use this to define a "people", which can be done ...
Trumpism has been described as right-wing authoritarian populist, [83] and is broadly seen among scholars as posing an existential threat to American democracy. [84] His presidency sparked renewed focus and research on restraining presidential power and the threats of a criminal presidency that had died down since the Nixon administration. [ 85 ]