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Mathematically, the derivatives of the Gaussian function can be represented using Hermite functions. For unit variance, the n-th derivative of the Gaussian is the Gaussian function itself multiplied by the n-th Hermite polynomial, up to scale. Consequently, Gaussian functions are also associated with the vacuum state in quantum field theory.
The critical case for this principle is the Gaussian function, of substantial importance in probability theory and statistics as well as in the study of physical phenomena exhibiting normal distribution (e.g., diffusion). The Fourier transform of a Gaussian function is another Gaussian function.
Frequency-shift keying (FSK) is a frequency modulation scheme in which digital information is encoded on a carrier signal by periodically shifting the frequency of the carrier between several discrete frequencies. [1]
Thus, the maximum frequency deviation is δ = 0.5 f m where f m is the maximum modulating frequency. As a result, the modulation index m is 0.5. This is the smallest FSK modulation index that can be chosen such that the waveforms for 0 and 1 are orthogonal. A variant of MSK called Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK) is used in the GSM mobile ...
In the physical sciences and in telecommunication, the term frequency shift may refer to: Any change in frequency; A Doppler shift; In facsimile, a frequency modulation system where one frequency represents picture black and another frequency represents picture white; Spectrum shifting in signal processing, see Discrete Fourier transform#Shift ...
The function to be transformed is first multiplied by a Gaussian function, which can be regarded as a window function, and the resulting function is then transformed with a Fourier transform to derive the time-frequency analysis. [1] The window function means that the signal near the time being analyzed will have higher weight.
Plot of normalized function (i.e. ()) with its spectral frequency components.. The unitary Fourier transforms of the rectangular function are [2] = = (), using ordinary frequency f, where is the normalized form [10] of the sinc function and = (/) / = (/), using angular frequency , where is the unnormalized form of the sinc function.
A modulated wave resulting from adding two sine waves of identical amplitude and nearly identical wavelength and frequency. A common situation resulting in an envelope function in both space x and time t is the superposition of two waves of almost the same wavelength and frequency: [2]