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The Fair Trade Federation does not certify individual products, but instead evaluates an entire business. The FTO Mark, launched in 2004 by World Fair Trade Organization, and identifies registered fair trade organizations. UTZ Certified is a coffee certification program that has sometimes been dubbed "Fairtrade lite". [17]
The Fair Trade Certified Mark in the United States was introduced by TransFair USA on the American market in 1998. In 2012 a variation of the US Fair Trade certification mark was adopted with the benefit of being registered globally as a trade mark. The mark is designed to pop better on the shelf through a far simpler design and the use of color.
Relatively little fair-trade coffee originates from the poorest countries. Purported social investments of the fair-trade system lack transparency. The fair-trade system is inefficient at transferring coffee consumers’ goodwill to producers. Direct trade is probably more efficient and sustainable than fair trade.
Fairtrade International was established in 1997. It set private standards relating to labour, cooperative organisation, and the governance of the Fairtrade benefits. The organisation was divided in January 2004 into two independent organisations: [5]
The World Fair Trade Organization (WFTO) claims to be the global community and verifier of enterprises that fully practice fair trade. [1] It is an association of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), farmers or retailers that claim to fully practice the 10 Principles of Fair Trade.
The second is the World Fair Trade Organization (WFTO), of more than 450 worldwide members, of which FTAANZ is one. Fairtrade (one word) refers to FLO-certified commodities and associated products. Fair trade (two words) encompasses the wider fair trade movement, including the Fairtrade commodities and other artisan craft products.
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Founded in 1998 by the Institute for Agricultural Trade Policy (IATP), [3] Fair Trade USA is an independent, nonprofit organization that sets standards, [4] certifies, and labels products that promote sustainable livelihoods for farmers and workers and protect the environment.