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The Drude model of electrical conduction was proposed in 1900 [1] [2] ... At a resonance frequency , called the plasma frequency, the dielectric function changes ...
The numeric expression for angular plasma frequency is = [] Metals are only transparent to light with a frequency higher than the metal's plasma frequency. For typical metals such as aluminium or silver, n e {\displaystyle n_{\mathrm {e} }} is approximately 10 23 cm −3 , which brings the plasma frequency into the ultraviolet region.
also known as the Drude Model for free electrons where is the plasma frequency, is the relaxation frequency of the charge carries, and is the frequency of the electromagnetic radiation. This equation is the result of solving the differential equation for a harmonic oscillator with a driving force proportional to the electric field that the ...
The model is named after the Dutch physicist Hendrik Antoon Lorentz. It is a classical, phenomenological model for materials with characteristic resonance frequencies (or other characteristic energy scales) for optical absorption, e.g. ionic and molecular vibrations, interband transitions (semiconductors), phonons, and collective excitations ...
In solid-state physics, the free electron model is a quantum mechanical model for the behaviour of charge carriers in a metallic solid. It was developed in 1927, [1] principally by Arnold Sommerfeld, who combined the classical Drude model with quantum mechanical Fermi–Dirac statistics and hence it is also known as the Drude–Sommerfeld model.
Thomas–Fermi screening and the plasma oscillations can be derived as a special case of the more general Lindhard formula. In particular, Thomas–Fermi screening is the limit of the Lindhard formula when the wavevector (the reciprocal of the length-scale of interest) is much smaller than the Fermi wavevector, i.e. the long-distance limit. [ 1 ]
Drude particles are model oscillators used to simulate the effects of electronic polarizability in the context of a classical molecular mechanics force field. They are inspired by the Drude model of mobile electrons and are used in the computational study of proteins , nucleic acids , and other biomolecules .
At low frequency, an SPP approaches a Sommerfeld-Zenneck wave, where the dispersion relation (relation between frequency and wavevector) is the same as in free space. At a higher frequency, the dispersion relation bends over and reaches an asymptotic limit called the " plasma frequency " [ 4 ] (see figure at right).