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  2. Percentile rank - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile_rank

    The figure illustrates the percentile rank computation and shows how the 0.5 × F term in the formula ensures that the percentile rank reflects a percentage of scores less than the specified score. For example, for the 10 scores shown in the figure, 60% of them are below a score of 4 (five less than 4 and half of the two equal to 4) and 95% are ...

  3. Percentile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile

    In statistics, a k-th percentile, also known as percentile score or centile, is a score below which a given percentage k of scores in its frequency distribution falls ("exclusive" definition) or a score at or below which a given percentage falls ("inclusive" definition); i.e. a score in the k-th percentile would be above approximately k% of all scores in its set.

  4. Ranking (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranking_(statistics)

    In statistics, ranking is the data transformation in which numerical or ordinal values are replaced by their rank when the data are sorted.. For example, if the numerical data 3.4, 5.1, 2.6, 7.3 are observed, the ranks of these data items would be 2, 3, 1 and 4 respectively.

  5. Class rank - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_rank

    Class rank is a measure of how a student's performance compares to other students in their class. It is commonly also expressed as a percentile . For instance, a student may have a GPA better than 750 of their classmates in a graduating class of 800.

  6. 97.5th percentile point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/97.5th_percentile_point

    In probability and statistics, the 97.5th percentile point of the standard normal distribution is a number commonly used for statistical calculations. The approximate value of this number is 1.96 , meaning that 95% of the area under a normal curve lies within approximately 1.96 standard deviations of the mean .

  7. American Invitational Mathematics Examination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Invitational...

    The American Invitational Mathematics Examination (AIME) is a selective and prestigious 15-question 3-hour test given since 1983 to those who rank in the top 5% on the AMC 12 high school mathematics examination (formerly known as the AHSME), and starting in 2010, those who rank in the top 2.5% on the AMC 10. Two different versions of the test ...

  8. Standard score - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_score

    Comparison of the various grading methods in a normal distribution, including: standard deviations, cumulative percentages, percentile equivalents, z-scores, T-scores. In statistics, the standard score is the number of standard deviations by which the value of a raw score (i.e., an observed value or data point) is above or below the mean value of what is being observed or measured.

  9. Normal curve equivalent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_curve_equivalent

    In educational statistics, a normal curve equivalent (NCE), developed for the United States Department of Education by the RMC Research Corporation, [1] is a way of normalizing scores received on a test into a 0-100 scale similar to a percentile rank, but preserving the valuable equal-interval properties of a z-score.