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Karol Borsuk (8 May 1905 – 24 January 1982) was a Polish mathematician. His main area of interest was topology . He made significant contributions to shape theory , a term which he coined.
A space is an absolute neighborhood retract for the class , written (), if is in and whenever is a closed subset of a space in , is a neighborhood retract of . Various classes C {\displaystyle {\mathcal {C}}} such as normal spaces have been considered in this definition, but the class M {\displaystyle {\mathcal {M}}} of metrizable spaces ...
The concept in topology was defined by Karol Borsuk in 1931. [ 2 ] Borsuk's student, Samuel Eilenberg , was with Saunders Mac Lane the founder of category theory, and (as the earliest publications on category theory concerned various topological spaces) one might have expected this term to have initially be used.
Shape theory is a branch of topology that provides a more global view of the topological spaces than homotopy theory. The two coincide on compacta dominated homotopically by finite polyhedra. Shape theory associates with the Čech homology theory while homotopy theory associates with the singular homology theory.
In mathematics, the Bing–Borsuk conjecture states that every -dimensional homogeneous absolute neighborhood retract space is a topological manifold. The conjecture has been proved for dimensions 1 and 2, and it is known that the 3-dimensional version of the conjecture implies the Poincaré conjecture .
Pandemonium architecture is a theory in cognitive science that describes how visual images are processed by the brain. It has applications in artificial intelligence and pattern recognition. The theory was developed by the artificial intelligence pioneer Oliver Selfridge in 1959. It describes the process of object recognition as the exchange of ...
Pattern theory, formulated by Ulf Grenander, is a mathematical formalism to describe knowledge of the world as patterns.It differs from other approaches to artificial intelligence in that it does not begin by prescribing algorithms and machinery to recognize and classify patterns; rather, it prescribes a vocabulary to articulate and recast the pattern concepts in precise language.
In topology, the nerve complex of a set family is an abstract complex that records the pattern of intersections between the sets in the family. It was introduced by Pavel Alexandrov [ 1 ] and now has many variants and generalisations, among them the Čech nerve of a cover, which in turn is generalised by hypercoverings .