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Charles Edward Spearman, FRS [1] [3] (10 September 1863 – 17 September 1945) was an English psychologist known for work in statistics, as a pioneer of factor analysis, and for Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.
The g factor [a] is a construct developed in psychometric investigations of cognitive abilities and human intelligence.It is a variable that summarizes positive correlations among different cognitive tasks, reflecting the assertion that an individual's performance on one type of cognitive task tends to be comparable to that person's performance on other kinds of cognitive tasks.
His 1996 book The g Factor: General Intelligence and Its Implications led to accusations of scientific racism and sexism, and his university lectures were protested and closed by the Anti-Nazi League of Edinburgh. Brand's book was subsequently withdrawn by publisher John Wiley & Sons. [13] It was then published free on the web by Douance. [14]
The g Factor was reviewed favorably by Canadian psychologist J. Philippe Rushton, who called it "an awesome and monumental exposition of the case for the reality of g." [3] Robert Sternberg was more critical in his review, writing that "there is a great deal of evidence of various kinds that the general factor does not do what Jensen claims."
g factor may refer to: g factor (psychometrics), a model used to describe the commonality between cognitive ability test results; g-factor (physics), a quantity related to the magnetic moment of an electron, nucleus, or other particle; The g Factor: The Science of Mental Ability, a book by Arthur R. Jensen about the psychometric concept
Guilford graduated from the University of Nebraska before studying under Edward Titchener at Cornell.Guilford was elected a member of the Society of Experimental Psychologists in 1937, [2] and in 1938 he became the third president of the Psychometric Society, following in the footsteps of its founder Louis Leon Thurstone and of Edward Thorndike, who held the position in 1937.
His research not only led him to develop the concept of the g factor of general intelligence, but also the s factor of specific intellectual abilities. [2] L. Thurstone , Howard Gardner , and Robert Sternberg also researched the structure of intelligence, and in analyzing their data, concluded that a single underlying factor was influencing the ...
Factor analysis became a powerful tool to help uncover the basic dimensions underlying a confusing array of surface variables within a particular domain. [8] Factor analysis was built upon the earlier development of the correlation coefficient, which provides a numerical estimate of the degree to which variables are "co-related". For example ...