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Philip II [note 1] (21 May 1527 – 13 September 1598), sometimes known in Spain as Philip the Prudent (Spanish: Felipe el Prudente), was King of Spain [note 2] from 1556, King of Portugal from 1580, and King of Naples and Sicily from 1554 until his death in 1598.
The War of the Portuguese Succession, a result of the extinction of the Portuguese royal line after the Battle of Alcácer Quibir and the ensuing Portuguese succession crisis of 1580, was fought from 1580 to 1583 between the two main claimants to the Portuguese throne: António, Prior of Crato, proclaimed in several towns as King of Portugal, and his first cousin Philip II of Spain, who ...
Philip II had a legitimate claim to the throne, but as with many other dynastic struggles of the age, it was shrouded in controversy. In any case, the Habsburg kings maintained Portugal's status and gave excellent positions to Portuguese nobles in the Spanish Court, and Portugal maintained an independent law, currency and government. [30]
Philip of Portugal is the name of three Spanish kings who ruled over Portugal under a different ordinal number. In Spain they were known as Felipe, and in Portugal as Filipe. Philip I of Portugal or Philip II of Spain; Philip II of Portugal or Philip III of Spain; Philip III of Portugal or Philip IV of Spain
In Portugal, the death of King Sebastian of Portugal in 1578, with only an elderly childless great uncle to succeed him, plunged the country into a succession crisis.King Philip II of Spain was one of seven who laid claim to the Portuguese throne, and in June 1580 a Spanish army of about 40,000 men [6] (about half of which were German and Italian mercenaries) [7] [8] invaded Portugal, under ...
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Premature death: Philip I of Portugal Anna of Austria: Philip I: Philip: 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621 21 November 1582 – 13 September 1598 Later: King Philip II of Portugal and the Algarves: Philip I of Portugal Anna of Austria: Anne: 22 September 1601 – 20 January 1666 22 September 1601 – 8 April 1605 Also: Queen Anne of France and ...
This was the excuse Philip II required to push his army into Portugal. Antonio was never formally acclaimed by the Cortes and governed in Continental Portugal for only 20 days. António and his supporters were decisively defeated in the Battle of Alcântara by the Spanish Habsburg armies led by Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba on 25 ...