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Beck's triad is a collection of three medical signs associated with acute cardiac tamponade, a medical emergency when excessive fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac around the heart and impairs its ability to pump blood. The signs are low arterial blood pressure, distended neck veins, and distant, muffled heart sounds. [1]
The three classic signs, known as Beck's triad, are low blood pressure, jugular-venous distension, and muffled heart sounds. [24] Other signs may include pulsus paradoxus (a drop of at least 10 mmHg in arterial blood pressure with inspiration), [ 12 ] and ST segment changes on the electrocardiogram , [ 24 ] which may also show low voltage QRS ...
A medical triad is a group of three signs or symptoms, the result of injury to three organs, which characterise a specific medical condition. The appearance of all three signs conjoined together in another patient, points to that the patient has the same medical condition, or diagnosis.
Other signs may be seen depending on the underlying cause. For example, jugular venous distension is a significant finding in evaluating shock. This occurs in cardiogenic and obstructive shock. This is not observed in the other two types of shock, hypovolemic and distributive. [3] Some particular clinical findings are described below.
This compression, called cardiac tamponade, is often associated with hemopericardium and can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated promptly. [6] Early signs of this compression include right atrial inversion during ventricular systole followed by diastolic compression of the right ventricular outflow tract. [6]
Purulent Pericarditis; Echocardiogram showing pericardial effusion with signs of cardiac tamponade: Specialty: Cardiology: Symptoms: substernal chest pain (exacerbated supine and with breathing deeply), dyspnea, fever, rigors/chills, and cardiorespiratory signs (i.e., tachycardia, friction rub, pulsus paradoxus, pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, pleural effusion)
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These three findings together should raise suspicion for impending hemodynamic instability associated with cardiac tamponade. [citation needed] Echocardiogram (ultrasound): when pericardial effusion is suspected, echocardiography usually confirms the diagnosis and allows assessment of the size, location and signs of hemodynamic instability. [4]