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Lidar (/ ˈ l aɪ d ɑːr /, also LIDAR, LiDAR or LADAR, an acronym of "light detection and ranging" [1] or "laser imaging, detection, and ranging" [2]) is a method for determining ranges by targeting an object or a surface with a laser and measuring the time for the reflected light to return to the receiver.
Type of photogrammetry Data source Inception Vendor / creator Guide price Online service Free tier or trial period 3DF Zephyr: Proprietary: Microsoft Windows [1] Standalone [1] Yes [1] Yes, multiple images [1] Aerial, close-range, UAS Images, video, laser scan [1] 2013 [citation needed] 3DFLOW [1] Free-US$4,200 [1] No Yes, Free Edition [2] and ...
Photogrammetry is the science and technology of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and the environment through the process of recording, measuring and interpreting photographic images and patterns of electromagnetic radiant imagery and other phenomena.
Stereo photogrammetry or photogrammetry based on a block of overlapped images is the primary approach for 3D mapping and object reconstruction using 2D images. Close-range photogrammetry has also matured to the level where cameras or digital cameras can be used to capture the close-look images of objects, e.g., buildings, and reconstruct them ...
Typical data collected includes aerial photography, Lidar, remote sensing (using various visible and invisible bands of the electromagnetic spectrum, such as infrared, gamma, or ultraviolet) and geophysical data (such as aeromagnetic surveys and gravity measurements). It can also refer to a chart or map made by analyzing a region from the air.
When scanning a scene in real world using Lidar, the captured point clouds contain snippets of the scene, which requires alignment to generate a full map of the scanned environment. Point clouds are often aligned with 3D models or with other point clouds, a process termed point set registration .
Technological advancements such as LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and photogrammetry have further enhanced aerial archaeology. LiDAR, in particular, is capable of penetrating dense vegetation to reveal features hidden beneath forest canopies, making it an invaluable tool for studying heavily forested regions.
Lidar (light radar) has also complemented photogrammetry for gathering elevation data. Lidar uses a laser pulse directed at features and detects the amount of time between when the pulse is emitted and when it is detected to determine the difference in elevations.