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Some of the oldest known structures which have served as citadels were built by the Indus Valley civilisation, where citadels represented a centralised authority. Citadels in Indus Valley were almost 12 meters tall. [2] The purpose of these structures, however, remains debated.
The Citadel of Aleppo (Arabic: قلعة حلب, romanized: Qalʿat Ḥalab) is a large medieval fortified palace in the centre of the old city of Aleppo, northern Syria. It is considered to be one of the oldest and largest castles in the world. Usage of the Citadel hill dates back at least to the middle of the 3rd millennium BC.
The oldest building in the complex is the only church known with certainty to have been built in the 10th century in its site in mainland Greece. [57] This centralized parallelogram-shaped building is the oldest example of the cross-in-square type in the country; its plan closely follows that of Lips Monastery in Constantinople. Boyana Church ...
The Erbil Citadel (Kurdish: قەڵای هەولێر Qelay Hewlêr, Arabic: قلعة اربيل, romanized: Qal'at Erbīl) locally called Qellat, is a tell or occupied mound, and the historical city centre of Erbil in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. [1] The citadel has been included in the World Heritage List since 21 June 2014.
The name Tower of David was first used for the Herodian tower in the 5th century CE by the Byzantine Christians, who believed the site to be the palace of King David. [3] [1] They borrowed the name Tower of David from the Song of Songs, attributed to Solomon, King David's son, who wrote: "Thy neck is like the tower of David builded for an armoury, whereon there hang a thousand bucklers, all ...
The Acropolis of Athens (Ancient Greek: ἡ Ἀκρόπολις τῶν Ἀθηνῶν, romanized: hē Akropolis tōn Athēnōn; Modern Greek: Ακρόπολη Αθηνών, romanized: Akrópoli Athinón) is an ancient citadel located on a rocky outcrop above the city of Athens, Greece, and contains the remains of several ancient buildings of great architectural and historical significance ...
Oldest standing structure in Ethiopia Barnenez: France: Europe: 4850 BCE Passage grave Located in northern Finistère and partially restored. The structure is 72 m long, 25 m wide and over 8 m high. [6] [7] The oldest known building in Eurasia. Porta Nigra: Germany: Europe: 180 CE Roman city gate It is today the largest Roman city gate north of ...
Herat Citadel, Afghanistan; Citadel of Ghazni, Afghanistan; Antwerp Citadel, Belgium (demolished); Citadel of Dinant, Belgium; Citadel of Huy, Belgium; Citadel of ...