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Lager yeast normally ferments at a temperature of approximately 5 °C (41 °F) or 278 k, where Saccharomyces cerevisiae becomes dormant. A variant yeast known as Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. diastaticus is a beer spoiler which can cause secondary fermentations in packaged products. [68]
Associations with plants, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae with grapes [15] Plant parasitism (e.g. cotton boll rot by Eremothecium ashbyi, Eremothecium gossypii as pathogen on coffee, soybean and other crops) [2] Saprotrophism on leaves and decaying wood (e.g. Ogataea) [16] Human pathogens (e.g. species of Candida and Meyerozyma) [8] [9]
With their single-celled growth habit, yeasts can be contrasted with molds, which grow hyphae. Fungal species that can take both forms (depending on temperature or other conditions) are called dimorphic fungi. The yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae converts carbohydrates to carbon dioxide and alcohols through the process of fermentation.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the yeast commonly used as baker's yeast. Gradation marks are 1 μm apart.. Baker yeast is the common name for the strains of yeast commonly used in baking bread and other bakery products, serving as a leavening agent which causes the bread to rise (expand and become lighter and softer) by converting the fermentable sugars present in the dough into carbon dioxide and ...
Lachancea kluyveri is a budding yeast related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or baker's yeast, the model organism intensively used in biochemistry, genetics and cell biology. . In 2003 it was transferred from the genus Saccharomyces to the genus Lachancea named for Canadian mycologist and yeast biologist Marc-André Lachance.
The fungi have several unicellular species, such as baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe). Some fungi, such as the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans, can undergo phenotypic switching and grow as single cells in some environments, and filamentous hyphae in others. [67]
Psychrophiles, optimum growth temperature of less than 15 °C, including the genera Methanogenium and Halorubrum. [23] Alkaliphiles, optimum growth pH of greater than 8, including the genus Natronomonas. [23] [24] Acidophiles, optimum growth pH of less than 3, including the genera Sulfolobus and Picrophilus. [23] [25]
Saccharomyces boulardii is a tropical yeast first isolated from lychee and mangosteen peels in 1923 by French scientist Henri Boulard. Although early reports claimed distinct taxonomic , metabolic, and genetic properties, [ 1 ] S. boulardii is a grouping of S. cerevisiae strains, all sharing a >99% genomic relatedness.